Hassan Hafez, Johanna Weidelt, Jijeesh Ravi Nair, Diddo Diddens, Wentao Zhang, Felix Pfeiffer, Tiago de Oliveira Schneider, Markus Meinert, Tomoki Hiraoka, Linda Nesterov, Masoud Baghernejad, Dmitry Turchinovich
The polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based polymer electrolytes containing lithium salts pave the way for the development of safe lithium batteries with high energy storage capacity. Enabled by the flexibly vibrating polymer matrix, the Li-ion transport occurs via hopping along and between the polymer chains. Here, terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy over a frequency range extending from 0.1 THz to 7 THz is applied to investigate the conduction properties of PEO-based electrolytes with lithium salts, and to elucidate the associated dependence of the THz conductivity on the content of the added lithium salt and the electrolyte temperature. It is remarkably found that the higher the observed THz vibrational activity of the electrolyte, the higher its technologically relevant ionic conductivity.
Graphene has exceptional nonlinear terahertz (THz) properties demonstrated by a strong THz absorption bleaching and a highly efficient frequency multiplication. This nonlinearity is attributed to the collective thermodynamic response of the background electron population of graphene to the exciting THz field, resulting in a temporal modulation (suppression) of the graphene conductivity (bleaching) and consequently leading to re-emission from graphene at higher-order harmonics. The revealed nonlinear coefficients of graphene are found to be several orders of magnitude larger than those of other solids. These findings pave the way for potential graphene-based technological applications including electronics and optoelectronics operating at THz rates.
MXenes are 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides with electronic properties that can be tuned by their chemistry and structure. Three members of MXene family, Ti3C2Tz , Mo2Ti2C3Tz and Mo2TiC2Tz are all intrinsically metallic, with high intrinsic free carrier densities and high carrier mobility within individual nanosheets. However, they respond to photoexcitation in dramatically different ways: while photoexcitation suppresses conductivity in Ti3C2Tz, it results in a long-lived positive photoconductivity in both Mo2Ti2C3Tz and Mo2TiC2Tz. Those responses suggest applications of MXenes in a variety of electro-optical and THz devices.
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