Image denoising has become one of the fundamental problems in the field of image processing. We present an iterative image denoising method named as multitexton noise identification and local dissimilarity-based noise removal that incorporates a noise restoration phase followed by a noise identification phase for gray-scale images corrupted by random-valued impulse noise (RVIN). Multiple textons of distinct orientations arranged on the basis of radial symmetry are proposed that give sharp edges of restored images. The noise identification phase works on an adaptive threshold range by employing the local statistics of textons. Moreover, the proposed method can better be utilized to deal with the uncertainty observed in identification of noisy and edge pixels. The dissimilarity of the identified corrupted pixel with its four-connected neighboring pixels is computed by considering the similarity among these four-connected pixels, to restore the gray-level intensities of identified corrupted pixels at the second phase. Standard gray-scale benchmark test images are used to assess the quantitative and visual performance of the proposed method by comparing it with state-of-the-art denoising methods. The extensive experimental results reveal that the presented method outperforms in terms of peak-signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measurement, miss detection, false detection, and visual results for both lower and higher intensities of RVIN as compared to other existing techniques.
An image feature descriptor named “sparsely encoded distinctive visual features (SEDVF)” is proposed for object recognition. SEDVF is built with the integration of local and global visual features. Visual information on edge orientation, magnitude, color, and pixel intensity is sparsely encoded by a bit plane slicing technique. Distinctive features are obtained using winner-takes-all principle. Edge gradient multiorientation detector method (EGMOD) is proposed to obtain the gradient orientations. EGMOD extracts four-directional (horizontal, vertical, and both diagonal) edge information with the proposed multioriented Scharr operator in YIQ color space. Magnitude features are extracted by incorporating chromatic information along horizontal and vertical directions in the RGB color space. SEDVF can be used as a color feature descriptor that has good discriminative power of visual features. The proposed descriptor is extensively tested for performance evaluation using K-nearest neighbor classifier on three standard datasets, including Columbia object image library, Amsterdam library of object images, and PVOC 2007, respectively. Experimental results reveal outperformance of SEDVF as compared to the state-of-the-art object recognition methods.
Video surveillance systems have become one of the most useful entities in our routine life. Surveillance videos contain plenty of visual information about criminal actions happening in the field-of-view. With the increase of criminal activities, it is mandatory to develop the accurate criminal recognition system. Our paper aims to propose and evaluate action recognition system for the recognition of criminal actions. First, a descriptor is proposed as spatiotemporal human motion acceleration (ST-HMA) over improved dense trajectories (IDT) framework to correctly recognize the criminal actions. Second, a hybrid dataset is developed by the combination of criminal activities, e.g., fight, kick, push, punch, shoot gun, and sword fighting collected from state-of-the-art datasets named as hybrid criminal action (HCA) dataset. The dataset covers the common on-street criminal action poses. We have also evaluated different descriptors over the IDT framework. The achieved accuracies per class are 92.85%, 92.85%, 93.33%, 96.16% for kick, push, punch and fight actions, respectively. Experimental results show that ST-HMA on IDT framework gives better results than HMA descriptor in edge trajectory framework. The proposed framework also achieved high average accuracy rate of 80.89% for ST-HMA descriptor over IDT. Different descriptor applied over IDT also shows good action recognition accuracy for HCA dataset.
Fingerprint recognition systems are widely used for authentication purposes in security systems. However, fingerprint recognition systems can easily be spoofed by imitations of fingerprints using various spoof materials. A compact and discriminative set of features is needed to discriminate between live and spoof fingerprints. We explore combined Shepard magnitude and orientation for live fingerprint detection using independent quantization of global and local features extracted in spatial and frequency domain. The spatial domain features that are extracted comprise of the magnitude of perceived spatial stimuli that is computed from the net variation of perceived edge information. Rotation invariance is achieved by extracting local features based on phase information of significant frequency components in the frequency domain. The concatenated feature vector associated with a fingerprint image is represented as a two-dimensional histogram. The support vector machine classifier is used to classify the fingerprint as either live or spoof. Experiments are performed on three databases, i.e., the fingerprint liveness detection (LivDet) competition databases of 2011, 2013, and 2015. Results showed a reduction in average error rate to 5.8, 2.2, and 5.3 on LivDet 2011, 2013, and 2015, respectively.
An iterative texture-oriented image denoising technique is proposed for the restoration of images corrupted with random-valued impulse noise (RVIN). The proposed technique opts a switching approach that first identifies the pixels corrupted by RVIN and then estimates their intensity values to restore the images. Textons of distinct orientations conforming to bilateral symmetry are proposed for the identification of corrupted pixels. To estimate the intensity values of the identified corrupted pixels, the textons having local similarity are used. As the textons are fundamental elements of texture perception, the proposed technique preserves the texture information of images, effectively. The performance of the proposed denoising technique is evaluated on standard benchmark test images under various intensities of RVIN by comparing it with state-of-the-art techniques. The simulation results depict the significant performance of the proposed denoising technique for low as well as higher intensities of RVIN.
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