Kinetics of J-aggregation of thiacarbocyanine (THIATS) has been investigated by measuring time variation of fluorescence spectrum under the solvent evaporation process of THIATS solution. Fluorescence spectrum of the THIATS J-aggregates changes following the increase of concentration, reflecting the formation and ripening process of J-aggregates. These THIATS J-aggregates are trapped and gathered at the focal point by focusing near-infrared (NIR) laser beam into the solution. Two-photon excited fluorescence from the focal spot is concurrently detected with the same trapping laser beam. Fluorescence spectral change is accelerated by focusing NIR laser beam. This result could be attributed that J-aggregates with higher polarizability are preferably formed in the focal spot of NIR laser. Furthermore, we have succeeded in the deposition of J-aggregates on a glass substrate by optical trapping.
When near-infrared laser was focused in colloidal silver, not only optical trapping of silver nanoparticles, but also hyper-Rayleigh scattering were observed at the laser focus. By addition of NaCl and rhodamine 6G in the colloidal silver, hyper-Rayleigh scattering was enhanced and hyper-Raman scattering was also observed. These nonlinear optical responses showed temporal fluctuation in spite of the continuous laser irradiation. Experimental results suggested that aggregates which have a high activity for nonlinear optical responses were trapped and/or produced by a focusing near-infrared laser. Hyper-Raman signal, whose scattering cross section is much lower than normal Raman scattering, could be obtained easily by focusing a cw-YAG laser in colloidal silver including analytes. It was demonstrated that optical trapping of colloidal silver is a powerful technique to obtain the nonlinear optical responses.
Laser manipulation technique was applied to the patterning of single nano/microparticles in solution at room temperature. Individual gold nanoparticles were optically manipulated to the surface of a glass substrate in ethylene glycol. An ultraviolet laser beam was focused to the nanoparticle, which led to the transient temperature elevation of the particle, resulting in its photothermal fixation. A set of gold nanoparticles was aligned in the anisotropic optical potential well of a tightly focused laser beam with linear polarization and was adhered onto the substrate through the same photothermal method keeping their alignment. Combination of a microstereolithography with the laser trapping method enabled us to fabricate three-dimensional microstructures of resin and fix microparticles to them.
Laser manipulation technique was applied to patterning of single nanoparticles onto a substrate one by one in solution at room temperature. Individual polymer nanoparticles were optically manipulated to the surface of glass substrate in ethylene glycol solution of acrylamide, N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide), and commercial radical photoinitiator. An ultra violet (UV) laser beam was focused to the nanoparticle, which led to generation of sub-μm sized acrylamide gel around the particle. The polymer nanoparticles were incorporated into the polymerized gel and fixed onto the substrate. A single gold nanoparticle was optically trapped and moved to the surface of the glass substrate in ethylene glycol. Additional irradiation of the UV laser light induced transient melting of the particle, resulting in its adhesion to the substrate. By the use of the present methods, arrangement of individual polymer and gold nanoparticles on any pattern was achieved.
Sheets of metal can be bulged by impulsive high pressure produced by the underwater spark discharge. The following two matters are considered as the cause of the impulsive pressure. One is generation of a spherical shock wave that results from rapid evaporation of water by heat of an arc and another is that of a rapid water flow called a microjet that arises from the movement of a bubble containing water vapor produced by the arc. It is supposed that the pressure produced by the latter is not less effective than the shock wave on bulging sheets of metal. In order to make the effect of the water flow on the forming clear, we have bulged each aluminum plate (thickness equals 0.2 [mm]) set up on a die with a hole (diameter equals 3 [mm]) in the center of it by the underwater spark discharge and examined how the height of bulge of each aluminum plate varies with variable distance between the spark gap and the aluminum plate. Besides we have observed the behavior of the bubble by a high speed camera. As a result of this study, it is reported that there is the most suitable distance between the spark gap and the aluminum plate for bulging, because the pressure caused by the rapid water flow, that is, the microjet operates most effectively on the aluminum plate at that distance.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.