In this manuscript we present the steps required to fabricate, modify, and measure a plasmonic metasurface array for cross-reactive sensing applications. Multiple arrays of gold nanostructures were fabricated using a standard top-down electron-beam lithography process and then enclosed in a microfluidic chamber. Partial-selectivity was then achieved by using different thiol chemistries to modify each array. Finally, measurements of various samples were taken using a custom-built microscope setup.
Extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) in nanohole arrays has proven to be a useful tool for biosensing applications. The enhanced light transmission observed in these structures is due to interactions between propagating surface waves and localised resonances. In this paper we present methods to both optimise the resonance peaks of nanohole array sensors and to tune their resonance wavelength. Sensor performance is enhanced by annealing. Annealing significantly increases the grain size of the gold thin-film, reducing losses and narrowing the resonance width. In addition, we show that by changing the size and arrangement of nanoholes we can control the position of their resonance peak. In doing so, we seek to improve the performance of EOT sensors for cross-reactive sensing applications.
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