Fiber-Bragg Gratings (FBG) for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) have been studied extensively as they offer
electrically passive operation, EMI immunity, high sensitivity, and multiple multiplexing schemes, as compared to
conventional electricity based strain sensors. FBG sensors written in Polarization Maintaining (PM) optical fiber offer
an additional dimension of strain measurement simplifying sensor implementation within a structure. This simplification
however, adds complexity to the detection of the sensor’s optical response to its corresponding applied strain. We
propose a method that calculates spectral shifts caused by axial and traversal strains for PM FBG sensors. The system
isolates the orthogonal propagating optical waves incident to the optical interrogators. The post-processing algorithm
determines the wavelength shifts, and compares to a predetermined baseline then correlates the shift magnitudes to a
respective strain. This exercise validates the method of optical detection and shift calculation of multi-axis sensors as an
automated, integrated system.
Fiber-Bragg Gratings (FBG) for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) have been studied extensively as they offer electrically passive operation, EMI immunity, high sensitivity, and multiple multiplexing schemes, as compared to conventional electricity based strain sensors. FBG sensors written in Polarization Maintaining (PM) optical fiber offer an additional dimension of strain measurement simplifying sensor implementation within a structure. This simplification however, adds complexity to the detection of the sensor’s optical response to its corresponding applied strain. We propose a modified Transfer Matrix Method model to simulate a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in a polarization maintaining optical fiber. We study the effects of the reflected Bragg wavelength to the changes in shape of the optical fiber core waveguide and compare the results to the existing literature.
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