Prostate cancer is now the most commonly diagnosed male cancer in Europe. Histopathology, the current
gold standard for diagnosing prostate pathology is subjective and limited by intra and inter-observer
variation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) enables objective tissue analysis on the basis of
biochemical and structural tissue components. This study examined FTIR's ability to discriminate between
benign, premalignant and malignant prostate pathologies. Biochemical fitting using non negative least
squares was performed on the spectral datasets of individual prostate pathologies. This novel technique was
applied to estimate the relative concentrations of the dominant components in prostate tissue from different
prostate pathologies. Preliminary results of the biochemical fitting were promising and gave an early
insight into possible biomarkers which could be used in the future to classify stages of the carcinogenesis
process. The Principal Component Analysis fed Linear Discriminant Analysis enabled good separation of
the pathologies with sensitivities and specificities comparable with the gold standard histopathology.
Further work will develop the biochemical fitting technique and increase sample size.
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