In the context of optical computing, photonic reservoir computing emerges as a scalable, energy-saving, and noise-robust alternative to quantum computing for machine learning. However, existing methods often lack the flexibility to finely control nonlinearities in the optical reservoir for improved performance. Here, we propose a novel photonic reservoir computing system based on spatial nonlinear wave propagation in erbium-doped multimode fibres (ED-MMF). Utilising phase-only spatial light modulators, we structure pump and probe beams in the fibre to encode and process information. Through nonlinear interactions between signal and pump modes within the gain medium, the ED-MMF enables a tunable nonlinear transformation of the input field, allowing control over nonlinear coupling between different fibre modes via accessible parameters like pump and signal power. By dynamically tuning the degree of nonlinearity, our system can identify optimal operating conditions for the reservoir, promising enhanced optical computing capabilities with potential applications in advanced machine learning tasks.
Terahertz (THz) is an innovative form of electromagnetic radiation providing unique spectroscopy capabilities in critical fields, ranging from biology to material science and security. The limited availability of high-resolution imaging devices, however, constitutes a major limitation in this field. In this work, we tackle this challenge by proposing an innovative type of time-space nonlinear Ghost-Imaging (GI) methodology that conceptually outperforms established single-pixel imaging protocols. Our methodology combines nonlinear pattern generation with time-resolved single-pixel measurements, as enabled by the state-of-the-art Time-Domain Spectroscopy (TDS) technique. This approach is potentially applicable to any wave-domain in which the field is a measurable quantity. The full knowledge of the temporal evolution of the transmitted field enables devising a new form of full-wave reconstruction process. This gives access not only to the morphological features of the sample with deeply subwavelength resolution but also to its local spectrum (hyperspectral imaging). As a target application, we consider hyperspectral THz imaging of a disordered inhomogeneous sample.
In this invited talk I will review our research activity on near-field Anapole nanolasers. Anapoles are radiationless light states that do not possess far field emission. Thanks to their unique nature, these states enable a new concept of laser source, whose emission is totally confined in the near field. We will discuss applications of this concept for ultra-fast (100 fs), mode-locking pulse generation in integrated optical structures with GaAs semiconductors.
In this invited contribution I will review recent results of our research in the field of complex nanolasers. I will begin by discussing recent experimental results from a new type of ultra-dark nanoparticles, which behave as an ideal black-body and spontaneously produce single color pulses thanks to an equivalent Bose-Einstein Condensation of light.1 I will then discuss new quantum information sources from core-shell spaser nanoparticles.2 Finally, I will illustrate a new type of laser source that emits only in the near field, discussing applications in integrated optical circuits.
Integrating coherent light sources at the nanoscale with spasers is one of the most promising applications of plasmonics. A spaser is a nano-plasmonic counterpart of a laser, with photons replaced by surface plasmon polaritons and the resonant cavity replaced by a nanoparticle supporting localized plasmonic modes. Despite the large body of experimental and theoretical studies, the understanding of the fundamental properties of the spaser emission is still challenging. In this work, we investigated the ultrafast dynamics of the emission from a core-shell spaser by developing a rigorous first-principle numerical model. Our results show that the spaser is a highly nonlinear system with many interacting degrees of freedom, whose emission sustain a rich manifold of different spatial phases. In the regime of strong interaction we observed that the spaser emission manifests an irreversible ergodic evolution, where energy is equally shared among all the available degrees of freedom. Under this condition, the spaser generates ultrafast vortex lasing modes that are spinning on the femtosecond scale, acquiring the character of a nanoparticle with an effective spin. Interestingly, the spin orientation is defined by spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by quantum noise, which is a fundamental component of our ab-initio model. This opens up interesting possibilities of achieving unidirectional emission from a perfectly spherical nanoparticle, stimulating a broad range of applications for nano-plasmonic lasers as unidirectional couplers, random information sources and novel form of photonics neural-networks.
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