The advent of modern devices requires the development of multifunctional nanomaterials with improved performance, while involving low-cost and sustainable processing. In this frame semiconducting oxide nanoparticles and hybrid composites formed by their combination with an organic matrix are gaining increasing attention based on their versatility and wide range of applicability in many fields of technological research. In this work semiconducting oxide nanoparticles (SnO, SnO2, TiO2, Ni-Mn-O) and hybrid composites formed with the nanoparticles embedded in Poly(3,4- ethylene-dioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) have been synthesized following diverse chemical routes. The samples have been characterized by using advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques and their performance in photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, gas sensing, and energy-related applications have been evaluated. Improvements were achieved by the synergy between the components of the composites.
The use of NiO in low-dimensional devices requires appropriate synthesis methods allowing to control the morphology, size, and final composition of the as-grown samples in order to improve and broaden the applicability of this material in different fields of research. In this work, a vapor-solid and a hydrothermal method have been employed and evaluated for the fabrication of undoped and Sn doped NiO micro and nanostructures. The presence of Sn favours the growth of microwires, by means of thermal treatments at 1400 °C, while by using a hydrothermal process nanobars and nanoparticles with reduced dimensions were obtained. The chemical method leads to a higher control in the final concentration of Sn incorporated in the NiO lattice. X-ray diffraction confirms the crystalline quality of the obtained products, as well as a texture effects and peak-shift associated with the Sn doping process. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrate an increase in the luminescent signal promoted by Sn doping, related to the presence of Ni vacancies.
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