A new measurement technique for characterizing the magnitude of power coupling from the fundamental mode to higher
order core- and cladding-bounded modes occurring in a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) inscribed in a large-mode-area (LMA)
fiber is demonstrated and studied. The method is based on inducing mode selective fiber bending losses on the modes
propagating in the core and monitoring the power guided by the cladding of the LMA fiber. Besides transmitted, also
reflected distributions of modes can be resolved in terms of the relative powers carried by them and thus the fraction of
higher order modes (HOMs) can be quantified. Additionally, the method can distinguish the mode content spectrally
with high resolution. Sample FBGs having a chirped index profile are characterized using the method. It is shown that
the method can yield information that is useful for better design and optimization of fiber optic devices utilizing FBGs in
LMA fibers, such as fiber lasers.
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