The X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) are nowadays used to study the structure and dynamics in matter with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolutions. With the current X=x-ray methods, however, the access to attosecond domain, such as x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction, remains elusive. In this work we report on a new experimental approach to study sub-femtosecond processes in matter. Based on the x-ray chronoscopy concept, it explores the time distribution of ultra-short x-ray pulses before and after interaction with a sample. The pulse time structure can be measured using the state-of-the-art terahertz streaking cameras at XFELs arranged in the camera-sample-camera sequence.
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