Skin chromophore maps can be used for assessment of various skin malformations and early cancer diagnostics. Commercially available devices are bulky and expensive.
We present two portable proof-of-concept device prototypes for multi-spectral laser line imaging with three (448 nm, 532 nm and 659 nm) and four (450 nm, 523 nm, 638 nm and 850 nm) wavelength laser illumination. Laser modules and special optics that ensure uniform light distribution over the region of interest have been exploited.
Skin chromophore maps were calculated using Beer-Lambert law, considering light scattering properties in the skin and including photon path length evaluated from the directly measured photon-time-of-flight signals. Chromophore concentrations in the lesion are compared to the surrounding healthy skin.
In vivo measurement results were compared with the results obtained from agar-based multi-layered skin phantoms which mimic vascular and pigmented skin lesions.
A portable proof-of-concept prototype device for single snapshot capturing of four spectral line images has been designed, assembled and laboratory-tested. It comprises optical unit that ensures even illumination of the skin target area simultaneously at four laser wavelengths - 450 nm, 523 nm, 638 nm and 850 nm, double-camera image recording system, micro-computer managed operation system and a touch-screen display for image control and displaying the concentration distribution maps of four skin chromophores - melanin, oxy-hemoglobin, deoxy-hemoglobin and bilirubin. Besides, the device captures skin auto fluorescence image at 405 nm laser excitation to separate seborrheic keratosis from other pigmented skin lesions. Skin chromophore maps are calculated offline by an external computer.
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