Dr. Marie J. Archer Profile

Dr. Marie J. Archer

at Naval Research Lab

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Proceedings Article | 13 February 2008 Paper

Components for automated microfluidics sample preparation and analysis

M. Archer, J. Erickson, L. Hilliard, P. Howell, D. Stenger, F. Ligler, B. Lin

Proceedings Volume 6898, 68981C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766492

KEYWORDS: Solids, Pathogens, Silicon, Dendrimers, Microfluidics, Statistical analysis, Diffusion, Ions, Analytical research, Molecular biology

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The increasing demand for portable devices to detect and identify pathogens represents an interdisciplinary effort between engineering, materials science, and molecular biology. Automation of both sample preparation and analysis is critical for performing multiplexed analyses on real world samples. This paper selects two possible components for such automated portable analyzers: modified silicon structures for use in the isolation of nucleic acids and a sheath flow system suitable for automated microflow cytometry. Any detection platform that relies on the genetic content (RNA and DNA) present in complex matrices requires careful extraction and isolation of the nucleic acids in order to ensure their integrity throughout the process. This sample pre-treatment step is commonly performed using commercially available solid phases along with various molecular biology techniques that require multiple manual steps and dedicated laboratory space. Regardless of the detection scheme, a major challenge in the integration of total analysis systems is the development of platforms compatible with current isolation techniques that will ensure the same quality of nucleic acids. Silicon is an ideal candidate for solid phase separations since it can be tailored structurally and chemically to mimic the conditions used in the laboratory. For analytical purposes, we have developed passive structures that can be used to fully ensheath one flow stream with another. As opposed to traditional flow focusing methods, our sheath flow profile is truly two dimensional, making it an ideal candidate for integration into a microfluidic flow cytometer. Such a microflow cytometer could be used to measure targets captured on either antibody- or DNA-coated beads.

Proceedings Article | 8 December 2004 Paper

Integrated sensor arrays with a configurable network interface for chemical and biological detection

Karl Hirschman, Marie Archer, Deoram Persaud, Vimalan Rajalingam, Jeffrey Clarkson, Jason Mann, Daniel Phillips, Wei Sun, Philippe Fauchet

Proceedings Volume 5591, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.580572

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, Interfaces, Etching, Signal detection, Control systems, Molecules, Capacitance, Microfluidics, Sensor networks

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Sensors based on macroporous silicon (M-PSI) have demonstrated the ability to detect the presence of certain chemical and biological materials. The devices utilize silicon sensing membranes with deep trench structures (macropores) formed by electrochemical etching to depths up to 100μm. The sensor structure is unique in that it exploits the vertical dimension of the planar silicon substrate, utilizing the large internal surface area of the membrane as the active sensing region. Upon exposure to organic solvents (i.e. ethanol, acetone, benzene) the devices exhibit a characteristic impedance signature. Discrimination is achieved by recognizing a specific response characteristic, or by placing appropriate probe materials to provide an electrically detectable signal upon exposure to the target substance. M-PSi sensing devices have demonstrated an electrical response to DNA hybridization and shown discrimination between binding and non-binding events. The size of the pores in the sensing elements can host larger molecules such as proteins, which extends the use of the devices to other fields of biotechnology. The sensors have been designed and fabricated in array configurations. A flexible electronics interface platform has been developed to accommodate the use of the sensors for a variety of applications.

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