The motivation for shell dose irradiation is to deliver a high therapeutic dose to the surrounding supplying blood-vessels
of a lesion. Our approach's main utility is in enabling laboratory experiments to test the much disputed hypothesis about
tumor vascular damage. That is, at high doses, tumor control is driven by damage to the tumor vascular supply and not
the damage to the tumor cells themselves. There is new evidence that bone marrow derived cells can reconstitute tumor
blood vessels in mice after irradiation. Shell dosimetry is also of interest to study the effect of radiation on neurogenic
stem cells that reside in small niche surface of the mouse ventricles, a generalized form of shell. The type of surface that
we are considering as a shell is a sphere which is created by intersection of cylinders. The results are then extended to
create the contours of different organ shapes. Specifically, we present a routine to identify the 3-D structure of a mouse
brain, project it into 2-D contours and convert the contours into trajectories that can be executed by our platform. We use
the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) to demonstrate the dose delivery procedure. The SARRP is a
portable system for precision irradiation with beam sizes down to 0.5 mm and optimally planned radiation with on-board
cone-beam CT guidance.
Electromagnetic (EM) tracking systems are often used for real time navigation of medical tools in an Image
Guided Therapy (IGT) system. They are specifically advantageous when the medical device requires tracking
within the body of a patient where line of sight constraints prevent the use of conventional optical tracking. EM
tracking systems are however very sensitive to electromagnetic field distortions. These distortions, arising from
changes in the electromagnetic environment due to the presence of conductive ferromagnetic surgical tools or
other medical equipment, limit the accuracy of EM tracking, in some cases potentially rendering tracking data
unusable. We present a mapping method for the operating region over which EM tracking sensors are used,
allowing for characterization of measurement errors, in turn providing physicians with visual feedback about
measurement confidence or reliability of localization estimates.
In this instance, we employ a calibration phantom to assess distortion within the operating field of the
EM tracker and to display in real time the distribution of measurement errors, as well as the location and
extent of the field associated with minimal spatial distortion. The accuracy is assessed relative to successive
measurements. Error is computed for a reference point and consecutive measurement errors are displayed relative
to the reference in order to characterize the accuracy in near-real-time. In an initial set-up phase, the phantom
geometry is calibrated by registering the data from a multitude of EM sensors in a non-ferromagnetic ("clean")
EM environment. The registration results in the locations of sensors with respect to each other and defines
the geometry of the sensors in the phantom. In a measurement phase, the position and orientation data from
all sensors are compared with the known geometry of the sensor spacing, and localization errors (displacement
and orientation) are computed. Based on error thresholds provided by the operator, the spatial distribution of
localization errors are clustered and dynamically displayed as separate confidence zones within the operating
region of the EM tracker space.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.