We propose an innovative miniaturized calibration stimulus, based on a hybrid tunable laser, combining a semiconductor optical source and a highly integrated photonics chip. This enabling technology allows the fabrication of calibration stimuli of extremely small size and high spectral resolution, in the Visible (VIS), Near Infrared (NIR) and Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) ranges. We developed a calibrator breadboard, based on a tunable laser, with a central wavelength of 850 nm and a tunability range of approximately 50 nm. The breadboard integrates an electronics system, which drives the laser and provides the calibrator with electrical and data interfaces, and a back-end optical system, which shapes the calibrator output optical beam and defines its polarization. The breadboard passed performance and environmental testing. Results exhibit a linewidth of less than 0.1 pm, a tuning accuracy of less than 1 pm, an absolute wavelength drift of less than 1 pm/h, and continuous tunability over the full spectral range from 825 to 875 nm. Peak output power is higher than 2 mW. The obtained results are extremely promising and open a wide range of applications of the proposed system as on-board calibrator for both small and large optical instruments.
The interaction of circularly polarized light with matter is the basis for molecular circular dichroism spectroscopy, optical spin manipulation, and optical torques. However, chiroptical effects are usually hampered by weak chiral light-matter interaction. Nanophotonic structures can enhance optical intensity to boost interactions, but magnifying chiral effects requires that the near field remains chiral in the process.
Here, we propose the conditions, limits and guidelines for enhancing different chiroptical effects near achiral metasurfaces with maximum chirality of the evanescent fields. We illustrate these conditions with arrays of metal and dielectric nanodisks and decompose their distinct electromagnetic metrics into propagating and evanescent Fourier orders. We prove that chirality metrics like circular dichroism and the degree of circular polarization, which go hand-in-hand in the far field for propagating plane waves, are incompatible in the evanescent near field. As a result, a nanostructure cannot be universally optimal for different chirality metrics and therefore applications. For example, arrays tailored for enhanced spin excitation with spatially uniform circular polarization destroy circular dichroism. Conversely, we predict a limit of maximum attainable circular dichroism in highly evanescent Fourier orders through a simple relation with the evanescent wavevector and polarization. We demonstrate that silicon nanodisk arrays can enhance chiral effects within these constraints.
Our results define the limits on the ability of nanophotonic platforms to enhance different chiral light-matter interactions simultaneously. Our work provides design rules for diverse chiroptical applications such as molecular spectroscopy, information technology and optical nanomanipulation.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.