A Faraday-Fabry-Perot (FFP) cavity, composed of an Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity and a piece of Faraday magneto-optical
material, is presented. The principle of FFP cavity and its polarization modulation effect are described by use of optical
matrix analysis. The result shows that the Faraday rotation is able to be magnified by more than two orders of magnitude
in resonant FFP cavity, while different elliptically polarized lights are obtained in non-resonant cavity. Furthermore two
novel applications, that is, optical isolator based on passive FFP cavity (FOI) and Faraday-Zeeman dual-frequency laser
(FZDL) based on active FFP cavity whose eigen modes operate as circularly polarized lights and whose frequency
difference can be adjusted continuously by magnetic field, are introduced. The principles, typical parameters and
performance characteristics are analyzed in both applications.
Differential laser gyro is an ideal equipment to solve the "lock-in" behavior. The ring cavity must be low loss and the reflectivity of mirrors in gyro must be more than 99.99%. But the insertion of a piece of quartz glass and a Faraday cell in the cavity will broaden the "lock-in" area due to additional loss, so it is very important to measure ultra-high reflectivity of mirrors and the loss of transparent glass plate used in gyro. 632.8nm He-Ne laser is the most suitable light to travel around the ring cavity in gyro, so the traditional cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) must be improved by using continuous-wave (CW) He-Ne laser instead of pulsed one. The results show that the single-pass loss through the glass plate can be kept below 3.0×10-11cm-1. Using combination of linear and folded cavity ring down spectroscopy, the loss such as absorption of gas in the cavity are counteracted due to the equalized length of cavity, so the reflectivity of the mirrors is measured with high accuracy. The ring down time of the cavity with and without a sample is obtained respectively, and then the total loss of the measured sample is calculated. The results show that the improved CRDS is suitable for accurately measuring low loss of medium and reflectivity of mirrors.
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