We comprehensively review the possible four modulation schemes for flexible transceivers. In addition, we classify the double sideband and single side band method and the corresponding equalization techniques which are embedded in transceiver.
To mitigate the inter symbol interference caused by various linear and nonlinear effects in bandwidth limited short reach link, we give a review of the advanced digital signal processing with pulse amplitude modulation format.
This paper proposes a dynamic routing method for optical networks to flexibly configure networks according to link-state and requirements of MAC layer. The effectiveness of the routing method is effectively by the OPNET software.
In recent years, as the development of the remote monitoring, cloud computing, and network coverage, the traffic has led to explosive growth in data flows of the optical network. The department and planning of the original communication network technology is challenging. The increased network congestion, litter and delays are predictable. In order to solve these problems, the academia and industry have proposed many ways1-5. Among them, implementing the routing planning for source nodes and target nodes in the optical network, such as the open shortest path first (OSPF) routing protocols, can effectively improve the network resources utilization in optical network. In this paper, to improve the utilization of the network, a dynamic interface awareness OSPF routing which can be applied to the optical network is designed. The dynamic selection of the routing can be implemented when the interface utilization exceeds the specified threshold value by using the low economic cost for the network.
In this paper, we describe and summarize the designed network architecture, the optical transmission technology, optical switch between the inter-satellites, routing and wavelength assignment and the security solution for satellite optical network.
For the upstream passive optical network (PON), we design and evaluate an intensity modulation quaternary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) with the four coherent receivers in terms of Homodyne coherent and balanced detection in polarization multiplexing. The obtained simulation results validate the 100Gbps coherent upstream PAM-PON scheme with the successful transmission over the C-band standard single mode fiber.
To mitigate the accumulated linearity chromatic dispersion (CD), this paper numerically analyzes the transmission performance of the Nyquist-pulse-shaped 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (Nyquist-16QAM) subcarrier modulation (SCM) in intensity modulation direct detection (IM/DD) using different digital equalizations. We first theoretically study the tolerance penalties performance of IM/DD system. Then we compare the CD sensitivity between multi-modulus modulus algorithm (MMA), modified MMA (MMMA), parallel MMA blind adaptation equalization, OFDE equalization based on training sequence and vestigial side band optical domain equalizer. It is shown that blind channel estimation achieves low-cost short-distance transmission, up to 30 km, while OFDE outperforms the blind adaptation compensation capability and provide up to 45 km transmission in terms of system BER at the forward error correction (FEC) threshold. In addition, the vestigialside band (VSB) filter is necessary in Nyquist-16QAM after transmission over 60km standard single mode fiber (SSMF). The receiver sensitivity is improved by 2.4dB at BER of 3.8×10-3 for the 60km and 80km transmission under the VSB combining the OFDE.
KEYWORDS: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, Modulation, Receivers, Digital signal processing, Signal to noise ratio, Transmitters, Multiplexing, Forward error correction, Quadrature amplitude modulation, Optical networks
This paper primarily focuses on power-domain multiplexing in downstream intensity-modulation direct-detection (IMDD) and vestigial side band (VSB) based orthogonal frequency division multiple passive optical network (OFDM-PON). At the transmitter, according to the data’s importance, we utilize superposition coding (SC) by power controlling method which separates data into hierarchical layers and transmits the layers of data in the same frame adaptively. At the receiver, we propose successive interference cancellation (SIC) and subcarrier-to-subcarrier intermixing interference (SSII) mitigation. The simulation results show that the proposed power-domain for OFDM-PON system namely PD-OFDM-PON achieves a set of significant desirable bit error rate (BER) performance when we consider the different power allocation ratio depending on the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in this paper.
KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Modulation, Data modeling, Passive optical networks, Digital signal processing, Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, Optical simulations, Telecommunications, Systems modeling, Signal detection
In order to fulfill the traffic localization, the network coding (NC) paradigm is a promising approach that can significantly improve the throughput, end-to-end (E2E) delay, and energy efficiency for passive optical network (PON). On the other hand, more recently, the hierarchical modulation (HM) incorporates with advanced digital signal processing (DSP) technology can optimize the total available capacity of PON. In this paper, in order to optimize the network performance, we propose a joint physical layer NC (PLNC) and HM in PON. Subsequently, we evaluate the bit error rate (BER) of MQAM modulated PLNC that uses the proposed mapping scheme. Afterwards, as an application, a rate adaptation scheme for the method of PLNC is proposed. Simulation results show that combined HM and PLNC mechanism has better BER in OFDM-PON than the conventional NC. Meanwhile, the rate-adaptive PLNC is advantageous in various scenarios.
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