Dr. Nibir K. Dhar Profile

Dr. Nibir K. Dhar

Professor

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Program Committee | Conference Chair | Track Chair | Author | Editor

Publications (141)

Proceedings Article | 23 August 2024 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Resolving the dark current anomaly in the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope focal plane

Gregory Mosby, Synthia Tonn, Jay Chervenak, Bob Hill, Majid Zandian, Bernie Rauscher, Jeff Kruk, Mat Samuel, John Auyeung, Randy Kimble, Matt Greenhouse, Josh Schlieder, Ed Cheng, Craig Cabelli, Eric Piquette, Jianmei Pan, Murzy Jhabvala, Alan Abeel, Mark Farris, Anders Petersen, John Gygax, Mario Cabrera, Michael Hickey, Colin Stuart, Analia Cillis, Stephanie Cheung, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 13092, 130923K (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3020366

KEYWORDS: Dark current, Sensors, Diffusion, Space telescopes, Mosaic detectors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Activation energy

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

High-performance graphene-enhanced HgCdTe photodetectors for uncooled extended infrared band sensing and imaging

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 12687, 126870A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2679887

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Photodetectors, Boron, Doping, Infrared sensors, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Chemical species

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2023 Presentation

Presentation

The Convergence Laboratory Program at Virginia Commonwealth University

Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume PC12687, PC1268702 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677662

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2023 Paper

Paper

High efficiency metastructure-based emitter and photodetector for imaging

Kwong-Kit Choi, Patrick Oduor, Nibir Dhar, Achyut Dutta

Proceedings Volume 12514, 1251402 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2666267

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Quantum efficiency, Avalanche photodetectors, Indium gallium arsenide, Airglow, Optical gratings, Design and modelling, Absorption, Photocurrent, Modeling

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Quantum modeling of next generation photon detectors

Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 12514, 1251405 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663061

KEYWORDS: Quantum devices, Scattering, Modeling, Quantum physics, Quantum modeling, Quantum channels, Electrons, Superlattices, Quantum simulation, Quantum features

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2023 Presentation

Presentation

Development of graphene-enhanced HgCdTe photodetectors for uncooled mid-wave infrared detection

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 12514, 1251408 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665080

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Mercury cadmium telluride, Photodetectors, Sensors, Graphene, Remote sensing, Boron, X-rays, Spatial resolution, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 13 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Circuits and systems modeling of quantum systems in SPICE

Samiran Ganguly, Kerem Camsari, Avik Ghosh, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 12517, 1251708 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663166

KEYWORDS: Device simulation, Quantum simulation, Quantum systems, Spintronics, Quantum computing, Modeling, Magnetism, Computer simulations, Quantum modeling, Quantum technologies

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2023 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

High-performance graphene-enhanced HgCdTe photodetectors for uncooled mid-wave infrared sensing

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 12430, 124300U (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2656701

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Photodetectors, Boron, Doping, Photocurrent, Dark current, Electrons, Chemical species

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Proceedings Article | 30 September 2022 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

High-performance graphene-enhanced HgCdTe mid-wave infrared photodetector development

John Zeller, Ashok Sood, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Randy Jacobs, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 12234, 122340C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2637897

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Sensors, Photodetectors, Infrared sensors, Doping, Boron, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 23 June 2022 Paper

Paper

Low noise uncooled 2.0+µm APD for photon counting imaging and LIDAR applications

Patrick Oduor, Abbas Haddadi, Kwong-Kit Choi, Seth Bank, Joe Campbell, Nibir Dhar, Jack Woods, Achyut Dutta

Proceedings Volume 12107, 121070B (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2630847

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Quantum efficiency, Aluminum, LIDAR, Absorption, Ionization, Sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Signal to noise ratio, Gallium antimonide

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Proceedings Article | 23 June 2022 Paper

Paper

Low-noise InGaAs APD based on micro-scaled photonic structures for low light imaging application

Kwong-Kit Choi, Patrick Oduor, Nibir Dhar, Achyut Dutta

Proceedings Volume 12107, 121070F (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2623783

KEYWORDS: Quantum efficiency, Light emitting diodes, Avalanche photodetectors, Silver, Sensors, Indium gallium arsenide, Resonators, Absorption, Photons, Metals

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Proceedings Article | 31 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for mid-wave infrared applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Randy Jacobs, Samiran Ganguly, Sheikh Ahmed, Farjana Tonni, Avik Ghosh, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 12091, 1209108 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2622239

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Photodetectors, Infrared sensors, Doping, Boron

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Proceedings Article | 11 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for mid-wave infrared applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Randy Jacobs, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiads

Proceedings Volume 11831, 1183103 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2598866

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Mercury cadmium telluride, Sensors, Mid-IR, Doping, Boron, Photodetectors, Interfaces, Raman spectroscopy, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 5 August 2021 Open Access

Open Access

Presentation

Infrared technology: what is on the horizon?

Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11841, 118410H (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2600636

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Proceedings Article | 3 August 2021 Paper

Paper

Controlling light penetration depth to amplify the gain in ultra-fast silicon APDs and SPADs using photon-trapping nanostructures

Ahasan Ahamed, Cesar Bartolo-Perez, Ahmed Sulaiman Mayet, Soroush GhandiParsi, Xiangnan Zhou, Julien Bec, Nibir K. Dhar, Ekaterina P. Devine, Shih-Yuan Wang, Gerard Ariño-Estrada, Laura Marcu, M. Saif Islam

Proceedings Volume 11800, 118000F (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2597835

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Silicon, Avalanche photodetectors, Photonic nanostructures, Nanostructures, Avalanche photodiodes, Etching, Photonic devices, Photodiodes, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2021 Paper

Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for mid-wave infrared applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Randy Jacobs, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh, Latika Chaudhary, Harry Efstathiadis

Proceedings Volume 11723, 117230I (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2590712

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Doping, Boron, Interfaces, Photodetectors, Chemical species, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Novel IR photodetectors and energy harvesting devices

Kwong-Kit Choi, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11723, 1172303 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2590229

KEYWORDS: Energy harvesting, Photodetectors, Absorption, Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Nanostructures, Solar cells, Infrared detectors, Wafer-level optics, Thin films

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

eSWIR and MWIR gain-based photodetectors in type-II superlattices: past, present, and future

A. Haddadi, A. Dutta, N. Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11723, 1172305 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2596142

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Proceedings Article | 20 September 2020 Paper

Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for Mid-wave Infrared Applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh

Proceedings Volume 11530, 115300I (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2572904

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mid-IR, Infrared sensors, Detector development, Mercury cadmium telluride, Graphene, Earth sciences, Photodetectors, Remote sensing, Night vision

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2020 Paper

Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for mid-wave infrared applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh

Proceedings Volume 11503, 115030M (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2571232

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Graphene, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Silicon, Interfaces, Photodetectors, Infrared sensors, Detector development

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Gender classification of full-body biological motion of aperiodic actions using machine learning

Madeline Navarro, Alexander Glandon, Nibir Dhar, Khan Iftekharuddin

Proceedings Volume 11509, 1150904 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2569538

KEYWORDS: Machine learning, Biological research, Kinematics, Feature extraction, Motion models, Matrices, Data modeling, Statistical analysis, Motion measurement

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 2020 Presentation

Presentation

Density functional theory based bandstructure analysis of graphene-HgCdTe heterostructure mid-wave infrared detector for Earth science applications (Conference Presentation)

Samiran Ganguly, Sheikh Ahmed, Avik Ghosh, Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11388, 1138803 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2559001

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Sensors, Infrared sensors, Earth sciences, Heterojunctions, Mercury cadmium telluride, Sensor performance, Graphene, Photodetectors, Physics

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2019 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of high-performance detector technology for UV and IR applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh, Russell Dupuis

Proceedings Volume 11151, 1115113 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536257

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mid-IR, Mercury cadmium telluride, Ultraviolet radiation, Graphene, Silicon, Gallium nitride, Infrared sensors, Photodetectors, Avalanche photodetectors

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of nanostructured antireflection coatings for infrared sensing applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Adam Sood, Gopal Pethuraja, Roger Welser, Harry Efstathiadis, Anand Sampath, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11129, 111290I (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531642

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Infrared detection, Infrared technology, Long wavelength infrared, Roads, Optical components, Ultraviolet radiation, Night vision, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of high-performance graphene-HgCdTe detector technology for mid-wave infrared applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Samiran Ganguly, Avik Ghosh

Proceedings Volume 11129, 1112906 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531651

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mid-IR, Infrared sensors, Detector development, Graphene, Earth sciences, Photodetectors, Remote sensing, Night vision, Computer engineering

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 2019 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Recombination processes in InAs/InAsSb type II strained layer superlattice MWIR nBn detectors

R. DeWames, J. Schuster, E. DeCuir, N. Dhar

Proceedings Volume 11002, 110020W (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2521907

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Mid-IR, Heterojunctions, Temperature metrology, Absorption, Superlattices, Diodes, Diffusion, Solids

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There is great interest in MWIR Ga-free type II strained layer superlattice (T2SLS) nBn detectors for background limited photodetectors (BLIP) operating at temperatures higher than InSb (T ≥ 150K compared to T≈ 80-90K). Recently, Ting et al. [Proc. SPIE, Vol. 10624, 1062410-1 (2018)] reported on measurements of the dark current and quantum efficiency (QE) for e-SWIR (λ>1.7 μm), MWIR, and LWIR Ga-free nBn T2SLS detectors. Of particular interest is the reported MWIR nBn T2SLS data, since the measured dark current and QE provide the opportunity to analyze the measured detector optoelectronic characteristics using optical properties obtained separately from the hole minority carrier lifetime and optical absorption coefficient data, hence no adjustable parameters. The goal is to develop and utilize robust modeling techniques to explain real, measured nBn detector data to understand the technology limitations and the improvements needed to optimize performance and device designs. A notable result is the observation that the dark current data under reverse bias (-100 mV < bias ≤ 0 mV) obeys the ideal diode equation, where the saturation dark current is in agreement with the radiative recombination rate obtained from the measured absorption coefficient and a 9 μs Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) lifetime obtained from the measured hole lifetime data. Most important is that the expected generation-recombination (G-R) space charge current based on the 9 μs SRH lifetime is not observed as expected for an ideal nBn heterojunction detector and that increasing excess dark currents are observed with decreasing temperature. The in-band external QE measured at 100K is in the range of 30% and is observed to increase with increasing operating temperature which indicates effects influenced by hole mobility anomalies. In contrast to the above listed observations, the Type II Ga-free nBn detector data reported by D. Ting et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett., 113, 021101, 2018] exhibits a hole energy barrier, G-R dark current like characteristics, and both temperature/voltage dependent QE.

Proceedings Article | 7 May 2019 Paper

Paper

Ultra-thin super absorbing photon trapping materials for high-performance infrared detection

Hossein Rabiee-Golgir, Soroush Ghandiparsi, Ekaterina Ponizovskaya Devine, Ahmed Mayet, Cesar Bartolo-Perez, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar, M. Saif Islam

Proceedings Volume 11002, 110020T (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518690

KEYWORDS: Infrared detection

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The performance of mid- and long-wavelength infrared (IR) detectors is still restricted with the dark current characteristics and associated noise behavior. In this work, we propose reducing the dark current and related noise of the IR detectors to elevate high operating temperature and improve the detector quantum efficiency (QE), by using a thin absorption layer of IR absorbing materials like lead selenide (PbSe) and mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe). A photon bending and trapping mechanism based on integrated micro/nanoscale holes was employed to ensure high quantum efficiency despite using a thin absorbing layer. Using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, the effect of embedded hole arrays on the optical absorption enhancement of ultra-thin PbSe and HgCdTe has been investigated. The calculated optical absorptions in ultra-thin IR structures without holes were compared with that of similar structures embedded with hole arrays. The optical absorption in 2 μm thick PbSe film without holes is less than 5% for 3-5 μm mid-IR wavelengths. Although applying conventional anti-reflecting (AR) coatings leads to a slightly higher absorption, it can cause higher dark current due to increased surface traps. Integration of hole arrays in 2 μm thick PbSe film has shown a significant optical absorption enhancement, up to 20% at 4.5 μm wavelength. This is equivalent to more than 2- and 4-folds' enhancement compared to a 2 μm thick flat-surface structure with AR and without AR, respectively. In addition, embedding the hole arrays in 1.2 μm thick HgCdTe IR films enhances the optical absorption up to 75% at 4.5 μm, which is more than 4 times higher than that in HgCdTe structure without holes. Additionally, the optical absorption in 1.2 μm thick HgCdTe film with periodic array of photon-trapping micro-holes enhances to 27% at 10 μm, long-IR wavelength. This is more that 3 times higher than that in HgCdTe films without holes. Our work revealed that the embedding hole arrays not only enhances the optical absorption in IR ultra-thin structures but also can reduce that material filling ratio to ~50%, which leads to a lower dark current, ensuring higher temperature operation of the IR detectors.

Proceedings Article | 1 March 2019 Paper

Paper

Demonstration of uniform and reliable GaN p-i-p-i-n separate-absorption and multiplication ultraviolet avalanche photodiode arrays with large detection area

Mi-Hee Ji, Hoon Jeong, Marzieh Bakhtiary-Noodeh, Shyh-Chiang Shen, Theeradetch Detchprohm, Ashok Sood, P. Parminder Ghuman, Sachidananda Babu, Nibir Dhar, Jay Lewis, Russell Dupuis

Proceedings Volume 10918, 1091814 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507880

KEYWORDS: Gallium nitride, Avalanche photodiodes, Absorption, Ultraviolet radiation, Detector arrays, Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, Back illuminated sensors, UV optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2018 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Analytical model for design-optimization and performances of fabricated broadband (VIS-SWIR) photodetector for image sensor and optical communication applications

Jaydeep Dutta, Patrick Oduor, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 10656, 106560N (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2311596

KEYWORDS: Photodetectors, Absorption, Indium gallium arsenide, Quantum efficiency, Optical communications, Diffusion, Image sensors, Modulation, Optical instrument design, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Paper

Paper

Considerations in the development of a foveated imaging system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

Andrew O'Neill, Joshua Davidson, Tim Kane, Ram Narayanan, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 10656, 1065610 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2305520

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Spatial light modulators, Image processing, Image resolution, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Data modeling, Freeform optics, Eye, Cameras, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Paper

Paper

Finite size narrow-band transmission filters for real-time short wave IR spectroscopy and imaging

Ryan Green, Vitaliy Avrutin, Ümit Özgür, Nibir Dhar, Erdem Topsakal

Proceedings Volume 10656, 106561U (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304665

KEYWORDS: Optical filters, Imaging spectroscopy, Dielectrics, Short wave infrared radiation, Dielectric filters, Image filtering, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared imaging, Spectroscopy, Fabry–Perot interferometers

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Proceedings Article | 9 May 2018 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination dark current in planar diffused P+n heterostructure InP/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP high density small pitch Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs)

R. DeWames, E. DeCuir, J. Schuster, N. Dhar

Proceedings Volume 10624, 1062405 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2315838

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2017 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Development of nanostructured antireflection coatings for infrared technologies and applications

Gopal Pethuraja, John Zeller, Roger Welser, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar, Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 10404, 104040S (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2277957

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Transmittance, Reflectivity, Glasses, Silicon, Multilayers, Infrared technology, Reflection, Refractive index

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2017 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Germanium photodetectors fabricated on 300 mm silicon wafers for near-infrared focal plane arrays

John Zeller, Caitlin Rouse, Harry Efstathiadis, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 10404, 104040H (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2277958

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2017 Paper

Paper

Development of nanostructured antireflection coatings for infrared image sensing technologies

Gopal Pethuraja, John Zeller, Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Eric DeCuir, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 10209, 102090D (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2268856

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Transmittance, Glasses, Silicon, Reflectivity, Infrared imaging, Refractive index, Reflection, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 28 April 2017 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Materials for microbolometers: vanadium oxide or silicon derivatives

Andrew Voshell, Nibir Dhar, Mukti Rana

Proceedings Volume 10209, 102090M (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2263999

KEYWORDS: Microbolometers, Bolometers, Infrared radiation, Thin films, Semiconductors, Silicon films

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Development of nanostructured antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Gopal Pethuraja, Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9854, 985407 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229647

KEYWORDS: Nanorods, Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Silica, Glasses, Silicon, Transmittance, Reflectivity, Refractive index, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Development of graphene based detectors for EO/ IR applications

Ashok Sood, Isaac Lund, John Zeller, Yash Puri, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Nibir Dhar, Jay Lewis, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 9854, 98540D (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229649

KEYWORDS: Graphene, Doping, Infrared sensors, Field effect transistors, Infrared detectors, Sensors, Metals, Silicon, Oxides, Dielectrics

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Development of silicon-germanium visible-near infrared arrays

John Zeller, Caitlin Rouse, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Yash Puri, Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 9854, 985408 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229650

KEYWORDS: Germanium, Silicon, Sensors, Photodetectors, Near infrared, Copper, Transmission electron microscopy, Doping, Indium gallium arsenide, Semiconducting wafers

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Broadband antireflection with curved surface nano-pyramids for image sensing devices

Anil Shrestha, Genki Mizuno, Patrick Oduor, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9854, 985406 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230287

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Reflection, Nanostructures, Image sensors, Mid-IR, Short wave infrared radiation, Imaging devices, Refractive index, Silicon, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Novel high performance multispectral photodetector and its performance

Genki Mizuno, Jaydeep Dutta, Patrick Oduor, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9854, 985410 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230574

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Absorption, Photodetectors, Etching, Image sensors, Quantum efficiency, Short wave infrared radiation, Multispectral imaging, Photodiodes, Photonics

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Overview of detector technologies for EO/IR sensing applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 9854, 98540A (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229420

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Sensors, Graphene, Ultraviolet radiation, Silica, Infrared sensors, Gallium nitride, Resistance, Nanostructures, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Strategic options towards an affordable high-performance infrared camera

Patrick Oduor, Genki Mizuno, Achyut Dutta, Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9854, 98540F (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230307

KEYWORDS: Infrared cameras, Infrared imaging, Cameras, Staring arrays, Readout integrated circuits, Short wave infrared radiation, Imaging systems, Manufacturing, Sensors, Commercial off the shelf technology

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Proceedings Article | 26 May 2016 Paper

Paper

High performance digital read out integrated circuit (DROIC) for infrared imaging

Genki Mizuno, Robert Olah, Patrick Oduor, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9854, 985409 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230573

KEYWORDS: Analog electronics, Infrared imaging, Imaging systems, Infrared cameras, Cameras, Staring arrays, Readout integrated circuits, Capacitors, Field programmable gate arrays, Amplifiers

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Banpil Photonics has developed a high-performance Digital Read-Out Integrated Circuit (DROIC) for image sensors and camera systems targeting various military, industrial and commercial Infrared (IR) imaging applications. The on-chip digitization of the pixel output eliminates the necessity for an external analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which not only cuts costs, but also enables miniaturization of packaging to achieve SWaP-C camera systems. In addition, the DROIC offers new opportunities for greater on-chip processing intelligence that are not possible in conventional analog ROICs prevalent today. Conventional ROICs, which typically can enhance only one high performance attribute such as frame rate, power consumption or noise level, fail when simultaneously targeting the most aggressive performance requirements demanded in imaging applications today. Additionally, scaling analog readout circuits to meet such requirements leads to expensive, high-power consumption with large and complex systems that are untenable in the trend towards SWaP-C. We present the implementation of a VGA format (640x512 pixels 15μm pitch) capacitivetransimpedance amplifier (CTIA) DROIC architecture that incorporates a 12-bit ADC at the pixel level. The CTIA pixel input circuitry has two gain modes with programmable full-well capacity values of 100K e- and 500K e-. The DROIC has been developed with a system-on-chip architecture in mind, where all the timing and biasing are generated internally without requiring any critical external inputs. The chip is configurable with many parameters programmable through a serial programmable interface (SPI). It features a global shutter, low power, and high frame rates programmable from 30 up 500 frames per second in full VGA format supported through 24 LVDS outputs. This DROIC, suitable for hybridization with focal plane arrays (FPA) is ideal for high-performance uncooled camera applications ranging from near IR (NIR) and shortwave IR (SWIR) to mid-wave IR (MWIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) spectral bands.

Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Development of FDTD simulation tool for designing micro-nanostructured based optical devices

Anil Shrestha, Genki Mizuno, Patrick Oduor, Saif Islam, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9865, 986506 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230452

KEYWORDS: Finite-difference time-domain method, Computer simulations, Optical components, MATLAB, Algorithm development, Maxwell's equations, Computing systems, Magnetism, Oscillators, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Paper

High efficiency nanostructured thin film solar cells for energy harvesting

Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 9865, 986505 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229652

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Quantum wells, Photovoltaics, Gallium arsenide, Energy efficiency, Energy harvesting, Nanostructuring, Absorption, Diodes, Thin films

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Paper

Flexible solar cells based on curved surface nano-pyramids

Anil Shrestha, Genki Mizuno, Patrick Oduor, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar, Jay Lewis

Proceedings Volume 9865, 986504 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230447

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Absorption, Silicon, Nanostructures, Reflection, Silicon solar cells, Crystals, Refractive index, Solar radiation, Gradient-index optics

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Proceedings Article | 3 September 2015 Paper

Paper

Advanced EO/IR technologies at DARPA/MTO

Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar, Lee Elizondo, Ravi Dat

Proceedings Volume 9609, 960902 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2192887

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Long wavelength infrared, Sensors, Infrared radiation, Infrared imaging, Staring arrays, Short wave infrared radiation, Defense technologies, Defense and security, Mid-IR

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2015 Paper

Paper

Heterojunction depth in P+-on-n eSWIR HgCdTe infrared detectors: generation-recombination suppression

J. Schuster, R. DeWames, E. DeCuir, E. Bellotti, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 9609, 960904 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2186043

KEYWORDS: Cadmium, Heterojunctions, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Mercury cadmium telluride, Arsenic, Sensors, Doping, Neodymium, Instrument modeling

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2015 Paper

Paper

Design and development of wafer-level near-infrared micro-camera

John Zeller, Caitlin Rouse, Harry Efstathiadis, Pradeep Haldar, Nibir Dhar, Jay Lewis, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Yash Puri, Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 9609, 96090O (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2193179

KEYWORDS: Germanium, Sensors, Silicon, Photodetectors, Oxides, Near infrared, Transmission electron microscopy, Semiconducting wafers, Copper, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2015 Paper

Paper

Development of high gain avalanche photodiodes for UV imaging applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Russell Dupuis, Mi-Hee Ji, Jeomoh Kim, Theeradetch Detchprohm, Nibir Dhar, Jay Lewis, Roy Peters

Proceedings Volume 9609, 96090X (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2193182

KEYWORDS: Gallium nitride, Ultraviolet radiation, Avalanche photodetectors, Sapphire, Avalanche photodiodes, Absorption, Cameras, UV optics, Crystals, Reliability

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2015 Paper

Paper

Development of large area nanostructured antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Gopal Pethuraja, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Jay Lewis, Harry Efsthadiatis, Pradeep Haldar, E. Schubert

Proceedings Volume 9609, 96090D (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2214877

KEYWORDS: Glasses, Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Transmittance, Sensors, Silica, Refractive index, Semiconducting wafers, Reflection, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 4 June 2015 Paper

Paper

Small pixel oversampled IR focal plane arrays

John Caulfield, Jon Curzan, Jay Lewis, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9451, 94512F (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180385

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Staring arrays, Signal to noise ratio, Readout integrated circuits, Mid-IR, Signal detection, Point spread functions, Image resolution, Imaging systems, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2015 Paper

Paper

High efficiency c-Si solar cells utilizing light-trapping phenomenon

Anil Shrestha, Genki Mizuno, Patrick Oduor, Robert Olah, Saif Islam, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9493, 94930E (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2183411

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Absorption, Silicon, Interfaces, Polymers, Antireflective coatings, Nanostructures, Reflection, Standards development, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2015 Paper

Paper

Development of high performance SWIR InGaAs focal plane array

Richie Nagi, Jeremy Bregman, Genki Mizuno, Patrick Oduor, Robert Olah, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9481, 948105 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181155

KEYWORDS: Photodiodes, Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Indium gallium arsenide, Staring arrays, Photonics, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Photodetectors, Diodes

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Banpil Photonics has developed a novel InGaAs based photodetector array for Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) imaging, for the most demanding security, defense, and machine vision applications. These applications require low noise from both the detector and the readout integrated circuit arrays. In order to achieve high sensitivity, it is crucial to minimize the dark current generated by the photodiode array. This enables the sensor to function in extremely low light situations, which enables it to successfully exploit the benefits of the SWIR band. In addition to minimal dark current generation, it is essential to develop photodiode arrays with higher operating temperatures. This is critical for reducing the power consumption of the device, as less energy is spent in cooling down the focal plane array (in order to reduce the dark current). We at Banpil Photonics are designing, simulating, fabricating and testing SWIR InGaAs arrays, and have achieved low dark current density at room temperature. This paper describes Banpil’s development of the photodetector array. We also highlight the fabrication technique used to reduce the amount of dark current generated by the photodiode array, in particular the surface leakage current. This technique involves the deposition of strongly negatively doped semiconductor material in the area between the pixels. This process reduces the number of dangling bonds present on the edges of each pixel, which prevents electrons from being swept across the surface of the pixels. This in turn drastically reduces the amount of surface leakage current at each pixel, which is a major contributor towards the total dark current. We present the optical and electrical characterization data, as well as the analysis that illustrates the dark current mechanisms. Also highlighted are the challenges and potential opportunities for further reduction of dark current, while maintaining other parameters of the photodiode array, such as size, weight, temperature of peak performance (lowest dark current), and power consumption.

Proceedings Article | 7 October 2014 Paper

Paper

MWIR InAsSb FPA data and analysis

E. Robinson, A. D'Souza, A. Ionescu, D. Okerlund, T. de Lyon, R. Rajavel, H. Sharifi, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya, C. Grein

Proceedings Volume 9220, 92200D (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064665

KEYWORDS: Quantum efficiency, Sensors, Readout integrated circuits, Mid-IR, Staring arrays, Detector arrays, Gallium arsenide, Temperature metrology, Electrons, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 7 October 2014 Paper

Paper

Design and development of SiGe based near-infrared photodetectors

John Zeller, Yash Puri, Ashok Sood, Shane McMahon, Harry Efsthadiatis, Pradeep Haldar, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9220, 922006 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2083538

KEYWORDS: Germanium, Sensors, Silicon, Photodetectors, Near infrared, Semiconducting wafers, CMOS sensors, Absorption, CMOS technology, Scanning electron microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 24 June 2014 Paper

Paper

Low-cost SWIR sensors: advancing the performance of ROIC-integrated colloidal quantum dot photodiode arrays

Ethan J. Klem, Jay Lewis, Chris Gregory, Dorota Temple, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9070, 907039 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054215

KEYWORDS: Photodiodes, Short wave infrared radiation, Sensors, Quantum dots, Lead, Semiconductors, Readout integrated circuits, Temperature metrology, Silicon, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 24 June 2014 Paper

Paper

Benefits of oversampled small pixel focal plane arrays

John Caulfield, Jerry Wilson, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9070, 907035 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057516

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Point spread functions, Target detection, Interference (communication), Readout integrated circuits, Staring arrays, Infrared imaging, Imaging systems, Modulation, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 24 June 2014 Paper

Paper

High-performance SWIR HgCdTe FPA development on silicon substrates

R. Bommena, J. Bergeson, R. Kodama, J. Zhao, S. Ketharanathan, H. Schaake, H. Shih, S. Velicu, F. Aqariden, P. Wijewarnasuriya, N. Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9070, 907009 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053020

KEYWORDS: Short wave infrared radiation, Mercury cadmium telluride, Sensors, Silicon, Staring arrays, Quantum efficiency, Indium gallium arsenide, Detector arrays, Data modeling, Antireflective coatings

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Proceedings Article | 23 June 2014 Paper

Paper

High-voltage thin-absorber photovoltaic device structures for efficient energy harvesting

Roger Welser, Gopal Pethuraja, John Zeller, Ashok Sood, Kimberly Sablon, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9115, 91150F (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053073

KEYWORDS: Gallium arsenide, Photovoltaics, Energy harvesting, Solar cells, Diodes, Photons, Epitaxial lateral overgrowth, Optical testing, Copper indium gallium selenide, Thin film devices

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Proceedings Article | 4 June 2014 Paper

Paper

Nanostructured detector technologies for optical sensing applications

Ashok Sood, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Madan Dubey

Proceedings Volume 9100, 91000N (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2058152

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Ultraviolet radiation, Silica, Sensors, Gallium nitride, Resistance, Nanostructures, Scanning electron microscopy, Optical sensing, Temperature metrology

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 2014 Paper

Paper

Performance benefits of sub-diffraction sized pixels in imaging sensors

John Caulfield, Jerry Wilson, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 9100, 91000J (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053443

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Point spread functions, Interference (communication), Target detection, Imaging systems, Modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Monte Carlo methods, Readout integrated circuits, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2014 Paper

Paper

InAsSb detector and FPA data and analysis

A. D'Souza, E. Robinson, A. Ionescu, D. Okerlund, T. De Lyon, R. Rajavel, H. Sharifi, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya, C. Grein

Proceedings Volume 9100, 91000B (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2058150

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Data modeling, Detector arrays, Readout integrated circuits, Mid-IR, Staring arrays, Diodes, Gallium arsenide, Temperature metrology

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Detection advantages of spatial oversampling in imaging sensors

Jerry Wilson, John Caulfield, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8876, 88760Z (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026741

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Point spread functions, Target detection, Interference (communication), Signal to noise ratio, Modulation, Readout integrated circuits, Infrared sensors, Photons, Monte Carlo methods

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Development of III-N UVAPDs for ultraviolet sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Russell Dupuis, Mi-Hee Ji, Jeomoh Kim, Theeradetch Detchprohm, Nibir Dhar, Roy Peters

Proceedings Volume 8868, 88680T (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032207

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Avalanche photodetectors, Signal to noise ratio, Pulsed laser operation, Ultraviolet detectors, Atmospheric modeling, Sensors, Target detection, Gallium nitride, Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Hetero-engineering infrared detectors with type-II superlattices

Z.-B. Tian, E. DeCuir, N. Gautam, S. Krishna, P. Wijewarnasuriya, J. Pattison, N. Dhar, R. Welser, A. Sood

Proceedings Volume 8868, 88680L (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032205

KEYWORDS: Long wavelength infrared, Photodetectors, Gallium antimonide, Stereolithography, Optical instrument design, Superlattices, Quantum efficiency, Infrared detectors, Infrared radiation, Indium arsenide

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Advanced imaging systems programs at DARPA MTO

Nibir Dhar, Lee Elizondo, Ravi Dat, Shelly Elizondo

Proceedings Volume 8868, 886802 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032203

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Short wave infrared radiation, Long wavelength infrared, Sensors, Photons, Staring arrays, Imaging systems, Thermography, Readout integrated circuits, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Development of large area nanostructured AR coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Gopal Pethuraja, Adam Sood, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Pradeep Haldar, E. Fred Schubert, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 8868, 88680P (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032206

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Glasses, Silica, Transmittance, Refractive index, Sensors, Reflection, Reflectivity, Nanorods

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

High-performance SWIR sensing from colloidal quantum dot photodiode arrays

Ethan Klem, Jay Lewis, Chris Gregory, Garry Cunningham, Dorota Temple, Arvind D'Souza, Ernest Robinson, P. Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8868, 886806 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026972

KEYWORDS: Photodiodes, Short wave infrared radiation, Silicon, Quantum dots, Sensors, Lead, Semiconductors, Indium gallium arsenide, Readout integrated circuits, Temperature metrology

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2013 Paper

Paper

Unleashing giant TCR from phase changes in carbon nanotube composites

Gustavo Fernandes, Jin Ho Kim, Jimmy Xu, Ashok Sood, Nibir Dhar, Madan Dubey

Proceedings Volume 8868, 88680S (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2028182

KEYWORDS: Composites, Resistance, Carbon nanotubes, Infrared detection, Bolometers, Polymers, Temperature metrology, Signal detection, Sensors, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 18 June 2013 Paper

Paper

Spatial oversampling in imaging sensors: benefits in sensitivity and detection

John Caulfield, Jerry Wilson, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8704, 87042X (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2019328

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Interference (communication), Target detection, Imaging systems, Photons, Modulation, Infrared sensors, Monte Carlo methods

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Proceedings Article | 18 June 2013 Paper

Paper

Fabrication of high-operating temperature (HOT), visible to MWIR, nCBn photon-trap detector arrays

Hasan Sharifi, Mark Roebuck, Terry De Lyon, Hung Nguyen, Margaret Cline, David Chang, Daniel Yap, Sarabjit Mehta, Rajesh Rajavel, Adrian Ionescu, Arvind D'Souza, Ernest Robinson, Daniel Okerlund, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8704, 87041U (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2015083

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Staring arrays, Infrared detectors, Diodes, Absorption, Detector arrays, Gallium arsenide, Diffusion, Reflection, Etching

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Proceedings Article | 18 June 2013 Paper

Paper

Room temperature SWIR sensing from colloidal quantum dot photodiode arrays

Ethan Klem, Jay Lewis, Chris Gregory, Garry Cunningham, Dorota Temple, Arvind D'Souza, Ernest Robinson, P. Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8704, 870436 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2019521

KEYWORDS: Photodiodes, Short wave infrared radiation, Silicon, Quantum dots, Lead, Readout integrated circuits, Semiconductors, Heterojunctions, Absorption, Glasses

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Proceedings Article | 18 June 2013 Paper

Paper

MWIR InAsSb barrier detector data and analysis

A. D'Souza, E. Robinson, A. Ionescu, D. Okerlund, T. De Lyon, R. Rajavel, H. Sharifi, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya, C. Grein

Proceedings Volume 8704, 87041V (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2018427

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Mid-IR, Detector arrays, Data modeling, Diodes, Readout integrated circuits, Gallium arsenide, Infrared sensors, Metals

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Proceedings Article | 18 June 2013 Paper

Paper

Design and development of wafer-level short wave infrared micro-camera

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Gopal Pethuraja, Yash Puri, Je-Ung Lee, Pradeep Haldar, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8704, 870439 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.1518471

KEYWORDS: Short wave infrared radiation, Silicon, Staring arrays, Sensors, Signal processing, Infrared radiation, Infrared sensors, Infrared imaging, Interference (communication), Thermography

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Proceedings Article | 11 June 2013 Paper

Paper

Low-dark current structures for long-wavelength Type-II strained layer superlattice photodiodes

Zhaobing Tian, Eric DeCuir, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, James Pattison, Nutan Gautam, Sanjay Krishna , Nibir Dhar, Roger Welser , Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 8704, 870415 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2015489

KEYWORDS: Long wavelength infrared, Stereolithography, Gallium antimonide, Photodetectors, Quantum efficiency, Interfaces, Antimony, Superlattices, Satellites, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 2013 Paper

Paper

Flexible, high-efficiency solar cells: approaches and advanced design concepts

Roger Welser, Gopal Pethuraja, Adam Sood, Ashok Sood, Pradeep Haldar, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8728, 87280J (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2018073

KEYWORDS: Copper indium gallium selenide, Solar cells, Optical resonators, Photovoltaics, Reflectivity, Titanium, Thin films, Reflectors, Nanostructuring, Optical coatings

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SPIE Journal Paper | 3 December 2012

Long-wave type-II superlattice detectors with unipolar electron and hole barriers

Eric DeCuir, Gregory Meissner, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nutan Gautam, Sanjay Krishna, Nibir Dhar, Roger Welser, Ashok Sood

OE, Vol. 51, Issue 12, 124001, (December 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.51.12.124001

KEYWORDS: Diodes, Superlattices, Sensors, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, FT-IR spectroscopy, Laser sintering, Long wavelength infrared, Infrared sensors, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 19 October 2012 Paper

Paper

Design and development of low dark current SLS detectors for IRFPA applications

Eric DeCuir, Nutan Gautam, Gregory Meissner, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Sanjay Krishna, Nibir Dhar, Thomas Bramhall, Roger Welser, Ashok Sood

Proceedings Volume 8512, 85120N (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974237

KEYWORDS: Diodes, Sensors, Superlattices, Laser sintering, Diffusion, Infrared sensors, FT-IR spectroscopy, Quantum efficiency, Temperature metrology, Long wavelength infrared

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 2012 Paper

Paper

Design and development of carbon nanotube and graphene based microbolometer for IR imaging applications

Ashok Sood, E. Egerton, Yash Puri, Neil Goldsman, Xi Shao, Akin Akturk, Nibir Dhar, Madan Dubey, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Bobby Lineberry

Proceedings Volume 8512, 851205 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974241

KEYWORDS: Bolometers, Graphene, Resistance, Microbolometers, Infrared radiation, Carbon nanotubes, Infrared bolometers, Infrared imaging, Sensors, Mid-IR

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 2012 Paper

Paper

Development of large area nanostructure antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Gopal Pethuraja, Adam Sood, Roger Welser, Yash Puri, Jaehee Cho, E. Schubert, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Martin Soprano

Proceedings Volume 8512, 85120R (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974239

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Nanostructuring, Glasses, Silica, Transmittance, Refractive index, Sensors, Reflection, Reflectivity, Nanorods

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Proceedings Article | 31 May 2012 Paper

Paper

Design and development of carbon nanotube-based microbolometer for IR imaging applications

Ashok Sood, E. James Egerton, Yash Puri, Gustavo Fernandes, Jimmy Xu, Akin Akturk, Neil Goldsman, Nibir Dhar, Madan Dubey, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Bobby Lineberry

Proceedings Volume 8353, 83533A (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.923020

KEYWORDS: Resistance, Bolometers, Microbolometers, Nanostructures, Carbon, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Capacitance, Carbon nanotubes, Infrared imaging

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Proceedings Article | 31 May 2012 Paper

Paper

MWIR InAs1-xSbx nCBn detectors data and analysis

A. D'Souza, E. Robinson, A. Ionescu, D. Okerlund, T. de Lyon, R. Rajavel, H. Sharifi, D. Yap, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya, C. Grein

Proceedings Volume 8353, 835333 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.920495

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Diffusion, Mid-IR, Temperature metrology, Optical fabrication, Absorption, Indium arsenide, Antimony, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 31 May 2012 Open Access

Open Access

Paper

Advanced imaging research and development at DARPA

Nibir Dhar, Ravi Dat

Proceedings Volume 8353, 835302 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.923682

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Cameras, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Readout integrated circuits, Infrared imaging, Short wave infrared radiation, Mercury cadmium telluride, Imaging systems, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2012 Paper

Paper

Quantum-structured III-V energy harvesting devices: pathways to ultra-high conversion efficiencies

Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 8377, 83770E (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922917

KEYWORDS: Indium gallium arsenide, Quantum wells, Indium, Gallium arsenide, Solar cells, Energy harvesting, Quantum efficiency, Diodes, Solar energy, Photovoltaics

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2012 Paper

Paper

Development of small unit cell avalanche photodiodes for UV imaging applications

Ashok Sood, Roger Welser, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Russell Dupuis, Jae-Hyun Ryou, Nibir Dhar, P. Suvarna, F. Shahedipour-Sandvik

Proceedings Volume 8375, 83750R (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.923182

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Ultraviolet radiation, Gallium nitride, Signal to noise ratio, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Atmospheric modeling, Target detection, Image resolution, Ultraviolet detectors

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Proceedings Article | 20 March 2012 Paper

Paper

Development of nanostructure based antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Roger Welser, Adam Sood, Yash Puri, David Poxson, Jaehee Cho, E. Fred Schubert, Nibir Dhar, Martin Soprano, Raymond Balcerak

Proceedings Volume 8257, 82571C (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.914374

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Sensors, Reflectivity, Silica, Near infrared, Transmittance, Glasses, Ultraviolet radiation, Nanowires, Nanorods

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Proceedings Article | 28 January 2012 Paper

Paper

Optimization of broadband detector for optical communication: design-simulation and fabrication

Andrew Lange, Robert Olah, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8283, 82830B (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.915788

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Diffusion, Absorption, Indium gallium arsenide, Optical communications, Modulation, Photodetectors, Silicon, Interfaces, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2011 Paper

Paper

EO/IR sensor development using nanostructures for unattended ground sensor applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Yash Puri, Tariq Manzur, Nibir Dhar, Abdiel Rivera, A. F. M. Anwar, Gustavo Fernandes, J. M. Xu

Proceedings Volume 8184, 818408 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.903722

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Zinc oxide, Signal to noise ratio, Ultraviolet radiation, Nanostructures, Unattended ground sensors, Interference (communication), Solar energy, Dye sensitized solar cells, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2011 Paper

Paper

Carbon nanotube based microbolometer development for IR imager and sensor applications

Ashok Sood, E. James Egerton, Yash Puri, Gustavo Fernandes, Jin Ho Kim, Jimmy Xu, Neil Goldsman, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Bobby Lineberry

Proceedings Volume 8155, 815513 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895277

KEYWORDS: Resistance, Bolometers, Infrared sensors, Nanostructures, Sensors, Carbon nanotubes, Infrared radiation, Thermography, Imaging systems, Image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 16 September 2011 Paper

Paper

A review of growth and characterization of ZnO nanostructures for optoelectronic sensor and energy harvesting applications

Ashok Sood, John Zeller, Yash Puri, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Tariq Manzur, Zhong Wang, A. F. Mehdi Anwar

Proceedings Volume 8155, 815514 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895287

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Ultraviolet radiation, Nanostructures, Energy harvesting, Sensors, Photodetectors, Electrodes, Polymers, Ultraviolet detectors, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 16 September 2011 Paper

Paper

Avalanche photodiodes for high-resolution UV imaging applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, E. James Egerton, Yash Puri, Russell Dupuis, Nibir Dhar, Raymond Balcerak

Proceedings Volume 8155, 815509 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895288

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Avalanche photodetectors, Signal to noise ratio, Pulsed laser operation, Interference (communication), Sensors, Target detection, Image resolution, Gallium nitride, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 16 September 2011 Paper

Paper

MBE growth of ZnTe and HgCdSe on Si: a new IR material

Yuanping Chen, Gregory Brill, David Benson, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8155, 815511 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.894642

KEYWORDS: Silicon, X-rays, Crystals, Tellurium, Infrared materials, Gallium antimonide, Zinc, Semiconducting wafers, Etching, Compound semiconductors

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Proceedings Article | 2 June 2011 Paper

Paper

Nanostructure based EO/IR sensor development for homeland security applications

Ashok Sood, Roger Welser, Adam Sood, Yash Puri, Tariq Manzur, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Zhong Wang, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, A. F. M. Anwar

Proceedings Volume 8019, 801914 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.888086

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Zinc oxide, Ultraviolet radiation, Signal to noise ratio, Nanostructures, Homeland security, Solar energy, Infrared sensors, Staring arrays, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 24 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Nanostructure-based EO/IR focal plane array development for unattended ground sensor applications

Ashok Sood, E. James Egerton, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Tariq Manzur, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Zhong L. Wang, Gustavo Fernandes, Jimmy Xu, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, A. F. M. Anwar

Proceedings Volume 8046, 80460N (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.888125

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Sensors, Ultraviolet radiation, Signal to noise ratio, Nanostructures, Unattended ground sensors, Staring arrays, Interference (communication), Solar energy, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Characterization of SiGe-detector arrays for visible-NIR imaging sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Adam Sood, Yash Puri, Nicole DiLello, Judy Hoyt, Tayo Akinwande, Nibir Dhar, Raymond Balcerak, Thomas Bramhall

Proceedings Volume 8012, 801240 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.889205

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, Signal to noise ratio, Diodes, Germanium, Semiconducting wafers, Staring arrays, Oxides, Photodiodes, Detector arrays

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

InAsSb detectors for visible to MWIR high-operating temperature applications

A. D'Souza, A. Ionescu, M. Salcido, E. Robinson, L. Dawson, D. Okerlund, T. de Lyon, R. Rajavel, H. Sharifi, D. Yap, M. Beliciu, S. Mehta, W. Dai, G. Chen, N. Dhar, P. Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 8012, 80122S (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.884550

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Mid-IR, Silicon, Absorption, Absorbance, Reflection, Reflectivity, Diffusion, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Quantum well and quantum dot energy harvesting devices

Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Oleg Laboutin, Louis Guido, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 8035, 80351C (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.888128

KEYWORDS: Indium gallium nitride, Solar cells, Quantum wells, Quantum dots, Photovoltaics, Gallium nitride, Quantum efficiency, Diodes, Energy harvesting, Solar energy

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Perpetual harvesting device electronics

Robert Olah, Genki Mizuno, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8035, 80350U (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887443

KEYWORDS: Solar energy, Electronics, Wind energy, Energy harvesting, Light emitting diodes, Infrared radiation, Control systems, Thermography, Prototyping, Oscillators

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Ultra-high transmittance through nanostructure-coated glass for solar cell applications

Roger Welser, Adam Sood, Ashok Sood, David Poxson, Sameer Chhajed, Jaehee Cho, E. Fred Schubert, Dennis Polla, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8035, 80350X (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.888129

KEYWORDS: Transmittance, Glasses, Refractive index, Silica, Antireflective coatings, Coating, Reflection, Solar cells, Thin films, Nanorods

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Design and simulation of infrared energy harvesting devices

Vijay Parameshwaran, Robert Olah, Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 8035, 80350L (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887444

KEYWORDS: Energy harvesting, Mercury cadmium telluride, Black bodies, Diffusion, Solar energy, Absorption, Infrared radiation, Infrared imaging, Photovoltaics, Semiconductors

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2011 Paper

Paper

Growth and characterization of ZnO nanostructures for UV sensor applications

Ashok Sood, E. James Egerton, Yash Puri, John Zeller, Tariq Manzur, Dennis Polla, Nibir Dhar, Jun Zhou, Sheng Xu, Su Zhang, Zhong Wang, A. F. Mehdi Anwar

Proceedings Volume 7940, 79400Z (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.882583

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Ultraviolet radiation, Nanostructures, Silicon, Atmospheric modeling, Sensors, Ultraviolet detectors, Solar radiation models, Gold, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 11 February 2011 Paper

Paper

Nanostructre based antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Roger Welser, Adam Sood, E. James Egerton, Yash Puri, David Poxson, Sammer Chhajed Jaehee Cho, E. Fred Schubert, Dennis Polla, Nibir Dhar, Raymond Balcerak, Martin Soprano

Proceedings Volume 7954, 79540W (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.882535

KEYWORDS: Antireflective coatings, Sensors, Silica, Reflectivity, Ultraviolet radiation, Near infrared, Refractive index, Visible radiation, Nanowires, Nanorods

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Proceedings Article | 25 January 2011 Paper

Paper

Novel multicolor photodetectors for short- and long-distance optical communication

Achyut Dutta, Robert Olah, Genki Mizuno, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 7959, 795906 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.881179

KEYWORDS: Photodetectors, Sensors, Absorption, Indium gallium arsenide, Optical communications, Quantum efficiency, Semiconducting wafers, Ultraviolet radiation, Telecommunications, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2010 Paper

Paper

Development of GaN/AlGaN APDs for UV imaging applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Russell Dupuis, Jae-Hyun Ryou, Nibir Dhar, Raymond Balcerak

Proceedings Volume 7780, 77800E (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.866361

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Avalanche photodetectors, Signal to noise ratio, Pulsed laser operation, Interference (communication), Sensors, Target detection, Gallium nitride, Electrons, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2010 Paper

Paper

Development of SiGe arrays for visible-near IR applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Nicole DiLello, Judy Hoyt, Nibir Dhar, Raymond Balcerak, Thomas Bramhall

Proceedings Volume 7780, 77800F (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.866362

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, Germanium, Signal to noise ratio, Staring arrays, Infrared sensors, Photodiodes, Diodes, Mercury cadmium telluride, Detector arrays

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Next generation nanostructure-based EO/IR focal plane arrays for unattended ground sensor applications

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Tariq Manzur, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Yaguang Wei, Jun Zhou, Cheng Li, Zhong Wang, Gustavo Fernandes, J. M. Jimmy Xu

Proceedings Volume 7693, 76930C (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852192

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Zinc oxide, Signal to noise ratio, Ultraviolet radiation, Nanostructures, Staring arrays, Interference (communication), Unattended ground sensors, Performance modeling, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Design and development of carbon nanostructure-based microbolometers for IR imagers and sensors

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Akin Akturk, Neil Goldsman, Siddharth Potbhare, Gustavo Fernandes, Chih-Hsun Hsu, Jin Ho Kim, Jimmy Xu, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Bobby Lineberry

Proceedings Volume 7679, 76791Q (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852730

KEYWORDS: Resistance, Bolometers, Nanostructures, Carbon, Sensors, Infrared sensors, Infrared radiation, Thermography, Imaging systems, Image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Development of low dark current SiGe-detector arrays for visible-NIR imaging sensor

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Nicole DiLello, Judy Hoyt, Tayo Akinwande, Nibir Dhar, Stuart Horn, Raymond Balcerak, Thomas Bramhall

Proceedings Volume 7660, 76600L (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852682

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, Germanium, Signal to noise ratio, Staring arrays, Mercury cadmium telluride, Bolometers, Infrared sensors, Diodes, Doping

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2010 Paper

Paper

GaAs-based quantum well solar cells for defense applications

Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Yash Puri, Oleg Laboutin, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 7683, 76830Q (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852802

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Gallium arsenide, Quantum wells, Indium gallium arsenide, Solar energy, Quantum efficiency, Heterojunctions, Indium gallium phosphide, Photovoltaics, Diodes

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2010 Paper

Paper

High-efficiency InN-based quantum dot solar cells for defense applications

Roger Welser, Ashok Sood, Yash Puri, Oleg Laboutin, Louis Guido, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 7683, 76830R (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852764

KEYWORDS: Indium nitride, Quantum dots, Solar cells, Gallium nitride, Solar energy, Photovoltaics, Silicon, Ultraviolet radiation, Quantum efficiency, Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2010 Paper

Paper

High-efficiency solar cells based on micro-nano scale structures

Achyut Dutta, Robert Olah, Genki Mizuno, Rabi Sengupta, Jin-Hong Park, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 7683, 76830O (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.855610

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Silicon, Absorption, Solar energy, Semiconductors, Thin films, Thin film solar cells, Manufacturing, Crystals, Standards development

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2009 Paper

Paper

IRFPA technology utilizing HgCdTe/Si: successes, roadblocks, and material improvements

Gregory Brill, Yuanping Chen, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 7419, 74190L (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.828592

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Annealing, Silicon, Composites, Long wavelength infrared, Diodes, Mid-IR, X-rays, Sensors, Staring arrays

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2009 Paper

Paper

EO/IR sensors development using zinc oxide and carbon nanostructures

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Dennis Polla, Nibir Dhar, Zhong Wang, J. M. Xu, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Neil Goldsman, Martin Soprano, Bobby Lineberry

Proceedings Volume 7318, 731804 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820502

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Nanostructures, Sensors, Ultraviolet radiation, Carbon, Infrared sensors, Silicon carbide, Electrodes, Electrons, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2009 Paper

Paper

Multispectral EO/IR sensor model for evaluating UV, visible, SWIR, MWIR and LWIR system performance

Ashok Sood, Robert Richwine, Yash Puri, Nibir Dhar, Dennis Polla, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 7300, 73000H (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820899

KEYWORDS: Sensors, 3D modeling, Image sensors, Performance modeling, Data modeling, Staring arrays, Ultraviolet radiation, Thermal modeling, Signal to noise ratio, Nonuniformity corrections

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2008 Paper

Paper

Synthesis and characterization of colloidal CdTe nanocrystals

Fred Semendy, Gomatam Jaganathan, Nibir Dhar, Sudhir Trivedi, Ishwara Bhat, Yuanping Chen

Proceedings Volume 7039, 70391L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.803826

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Particles, Atomic force microscopy, Absorption, Luminescence, X-ray diffraction, Tellurium, Nanocrystals, Cadmium, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2007 Paper

Paper

A review of growth and characterization of ZnO nanostructures for various optical applications

Ashok Sood, Yash Puri, Changshi Lao, Wenjie Mai, Puxian Gao, Sheng Xu, Zhong Lin Wang, Dennis Polla, Martin Soprano, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 6768, 676803 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.747289

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Nanostructures, Ultraviolet radiation, Raman spectroscopy, Silicon carbide, Gallium nitride, Phonons, Polymers, Solids, Nanowires

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2007 Paper

Paper

Broadband image sensors for biomedical, security, and automotive applications

Achyut Dutta, Rabi Sengupta, Anupriya Krishnan, Saif Islam, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 6769, 67690C (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.754495

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Photodetectors, Indium gallium arsenide, Absorption, Quantum efficiency, Image sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Silicon, Semiconducting wafers, Photodiodes

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Proceedings Article | 18 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Front and back side processed unintentionally doped GaAs Schottky detectors for X-ray detection

A. Fred Semendy, Satpal Singh, Mark Litz, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Kara Blaine, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 6703, 67030N (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.732121

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Gallium arsenide, X-ray detectors, Semiconducting wafers, Silicon, Metals, Semiconductors, Tungsten, Germanium

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Proceedings Article | 10 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Broadband detector for optical communication

Achyut Dutta, Rabi Sengupta, Anupriya Krishnan, Saif Islam, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 6775, 67750G (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.754592

KEYWORDS: Photodetectors, Sensors, Absorption, Indium gallium arsenide, Optical communications, Quantum efficiency, Semiconducting wafers, Gallium, Ultraviolet radiation, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2007 Paper

Paper

Pronounced Auger suppression in long wavelength HgCdTe devices grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Gregory Brill, Yuanping Chen, Nibir Dhar, Chris Grein, Silviu Velicu, P. Y. Emelie, HyeSon Jung, Sivalingam Sivanathan, Arvind D'Souza, Maryn Stapelbroek, John Reekstin

Proceedings Volume 6542, 65420G (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.723162

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Arsenic, Doping, Diffusion, Sensors, Molecular beam epitaxy, Annealing, Solids, Resistance, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2007 Open Access

Open Access

Paper

IR material research at the Army Research Laboratory

Herbert Pollehn, K. K. Choi, Stefan Svensson, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 6542, 65420C (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.723659

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Semiconducting wafers, Mercury cadmium telluride, Staring arrays, Quantum well infrared photodetectors, Long wavelength infrared, Composites, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Superlattices

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Paper

Development of high performance radiation hardened antireflection coatings for LWIR and multicolor IR focal plane arrays

Ashok Sood, Yash Puri, Latika Becker, Meimei Tidrow, Raymond Balcerak, Gregory Brill, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar, Paul Boieriu, Chad Fulk, Siva Sivananthan, Joseph Yehoda, Steve Finke

Proceedings Volume 6206, 620615 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.667812

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Antireflective coatings, Silicon films, Long wavelength infrared, Semiconducting wafers, Ozone, Staring arrays, Thin films, Coating, Diamond

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Paper

Molecular beam epitaxy grown long wavelength infrared HgCdTe on compliant Si substrates

Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Yuanping Chen, Gregory Brill, Nibir Dhar, Michael Carmody, Robert Bailey, Jose Arias

Proceedings Volume 6206, 620611 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665956

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Quantum efficiency, Long wavelength infrared, Composites, Silicon, Sensors, Tellurium, Diffusion, Molecular beam epitaxy, X-rays

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Proceedings Article | 17 November 2005 Paper

Paper

Novel multi-color image sensors for bio-chemical, bio-medical, and security applications

Achyut Dutta, Nibir Dhar, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, M. Saif Islam

Proceedings Volume 6008, 600812 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.634110

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Photodetectors, Absorption, Indium gallium arsenide, Image sensors, Quantum efficiency, Photodiodes, Mercury cadmium telluride, Silicon, Gallium

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Proceedings Article | 25 October 2005 Paper

Paper

Interferometer-less surface profilerometer

Ponciano Rodriguez, Jose Lorenzo, Feng Jin, Sudhir Trivedi, Chen-Chia Wang, Nibir Dhar, Steven Fairchild

Proceedings Volume 6017, 60170C (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.634483

KEYWORDS: Laser beam diagnostics, Sensors, Sapphire, Interferometers, Phase shifts, Distance measurement, Signal processing, Data modeling, Optics manufacturing, Doppler effect

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2005 Paper

Paper

Advances in multi-color large area focal plane array sensors for standoff detection

Ashok Sood, Yash Puri, Robert Richwine, Latika Becker, Nibir Dhar, Siva Sivanathan, Jerrold Zimmerman

Proceedings Volume 5881, 58810N (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.639822

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Long wavelength infrared, Mid-IR, Infrared sensors, Microbolometers, Imaging systems, Standoff detection, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 2004 Paper

Paper

MWIR detectors on HgCdTe grown by MBE on 3-in. diameter silicon substrates

Tae-Seok Lee, Jun Zhao, Yong Chang, Renganathan Ashokan, Sivalingam Sivananthan, Paul Boieriu, Yuanping Chen, Gregory Brill, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 5564, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.568012

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Mid-IR, Annealing, Arsenic, Heterojunctions, Silicon, Interfaces, Mercury, Sensors, Diffusion

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Design and development of high-performance radiation-hardened antireflection coatings for LWIR HgCdTe focal plane arrays

Ashok Sood, E. James Egerton, Sriraj Bhadra, Yash Puri, Gregory Brill, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Yuanping Chan, Nibir Dhar, Meimei Tidrow, Dave Christian, Paul LoVecchio

Proceedings Volume 5564, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.565138

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Antireflective coatings, Long wavelength infrared, Mercury cadmium telluride, Silicon films, Staring arrays, Diamond, Thin film coatings, Thin films, Detector arrays

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Comparison of cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence of CdSeTe films grown on Si by molecular beam epitaxy

Eva Campo, Tomas Hierl, James Hwang, Yuanping Chen, Gregory Brill, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 5564, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.567430

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Silicon, Tellurium, Selenium, Molecular beam epitaxy, Analytical research, X-ray diffraction, X-rays, Diffraction, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Large-format IRFPA development on silicon

Nibir Dhar, Meimei Tidrow

Proceedings Volume 5564, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.562812

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Mercury cadmium telluride, Composites, Long wavelength infrared, Semiconducting wafers, Mid-IR, Sensors, Staring arrays, Infrared imaging, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 30 August 2004 Paper

Paper

Device analysis of MBE HgCdTe p-on-n photovoltaic detectors in 5- to 15-µm wavelength range

Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Nibir Dhar, Arvind D'Souza, Maryn Stapelbroek, Dennis Edwall, Jose Arias, Jagmohan Bajaj

Proceedings Volume 5406, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.540997

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Photovoltaic detectors, Temperature metrology, Cadmium, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mercury, Mid-IR, Sensor performance

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Proceedings Article | 30 August 2004 Paper

Paper

LWIR MBE HgCdTe photovoltaic detectors grown on Si composite substrates

Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Gregory Brill, Y. P. Chen, Nibir Dhar, Silviu Velicu

Proceedings Volume 5406, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.541606

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Long wavelength infrared, Composites, X-rays, Silicon, Selenium, Sensors, Tellurium, Etching, Diffusion

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Proceedings Article | 8 December 2003 Paper

Paper

Gold diffusion in mercury cadmium telluride grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Yusuf Selamet, Rasdip Singh, Jun Zhao, Yong Zhou, Sivalingam Sivananthan, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 5209, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.506178

KEYWORDS: Gold, Mercury cadmium telluride, Diffusion, Doping, Ions, Annealing, Mercury, Silicon, Tellurium, Ion beams

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2003 Paper

Paper

Composite substrate for large-format HgCdTe IRFPA

Nibir Dhar, Y. Chen, Gregory Brill, Paul Amirtharaj, Silviu Velicu, Paul Boieriu, Anthony Birdwell, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya

Proceedings Volume 5074, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.487725

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Mercury cadmium telluride, Long wavelength infrared, Composites, Tellurium, Selenium, Semiconducting wafers, Zinc, X-rays, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 12 November 2001 Paper

Paper

Hg1-xCdxTe(112) nucleation on silicon composite substrates

Paul Boieriu, G. Brill, Y. Chen, Silviu Velicu, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 4454, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.448190

KEYWORDS: Mercury cadmium telluride, Long wavelength infrared, Mid-IR, Mercury, Tellurium, Information operations, Silicon, Composites, Diodes, Doping

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Proceedings Article | 13 April 2000 Paper

Paper

Effect of annealing on arsenic activation and device performance in mid-infrared HgCdTe on silicon grown by MBE

Renganathan Ashokan, Tae-Seok Lee, N. Dhar, Sung Yoo, Sivalingam Sivananthan

Proceedings Volume 3948, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.382143

KEYWORDS: Arsenic, Annealing, Diodes, Mercury cadmium telluride, Mercury, Chemical species, Doping, Tellurium, Interfaces, Diffusion

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Proceedings Article | 7 April 1999 Paper

Paper

Device physics and focal plane array applications of QWIP and MCT

Meimei Tidrow, William Beck, William Clark, Herbert Pollehn, John Little, Nibir Dhar, Richard Leavitt, Stephen Kennerly, Daniel Beekman, Arnold Goldberg, Walter Dyer

Proceedings Volume 3629, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.344591

KEYWORDS: Quantum well infrared photodetectors, Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Staring arrays, Quantum efficiency, Photodiodes, Gallium arsenide, Doping, Signal to noise ratio, Mid-IR

Read Abstract +

Proceedings Article | 13 July 1994 Paper

Paper

Self-aligned molecular beam epitaxy of CdZnTe for IR focal plane arrays

Nibir Dhar, Phillip Boyd, Paul Amirtharaj, John Dinan, J. Benson

Proceedings Volume 2228, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.179682

KEYWORDS: Molecular beam epitaxy, Gallium arsenide, Staring arrays, Zinc, Tellurium, Crystals, Laser crystals, Cadmium, Gallium, Optical properties

Read Abstract +

Proceedings Article | 13 July 1994 Paper

Paper

Photoluminescence and Raman scattering characterization of As-grown and implanted bulk ZnSe crystals

Mulpuri Rao, Jaime Freitas, Harry Dietrich, Alok Berry, J. Vellanki, Nibir Dhar

Proceedings Volume 2228, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.179655

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Raman scattering, Crystals

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Showing 5 of 141 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (28)

SPIE Conference Volume | 26 June 2024

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications XI

SPIE Conference Volume | 24 July 2023

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications X

SPIE Conference Volume | 22 June 2022

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications IX

SPIE Conference Volume | 17 May 2021

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications VIII

SPIE Conference Volume | 2 June 2020

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications VII

Showing 5 of 28 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (74)

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications XV

3 August 2025 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications XII

14 April 2025 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications XV

14 April 2025 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications XIV

20 August 2024 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications XI

22 April 2024 | National Harbor, Maryland, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV

22 April 2024 | National Harbor, Maryland, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications XIII

22 August 2023 | San Diego, California, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIII

2 May 2023 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications X

1 May 2023 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications XII

24 August 2022 | San Diego, California, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications XII

5 April 2022 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications IX

4 April 2022 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications XI

4 August 2021 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications VIII

12 April 2021 | Online Only, Florida, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications XI

12 April 2021 | Online Only, Florida, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications X

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications X

27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications VII

27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications IX

14 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications VI

15 April 2019 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications IX

15 April 2019 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI

14 April 2019 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications VIII

22 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications V

16 April 2018 | Orlando, FL, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications VIII

15 April 2018 | Orlando, FL, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications X

15 April 2018 | Orlando, FL, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications VII

9 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications IV

12 April 2017 | Anaheim, CA, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications IX

9 April 2017 | Anaheim, CA, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications VI

31 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III

20 April 2016 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications VII

19 April 2016 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII

17 April 2016 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications V

12 August 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications II

22 April 2015 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications VI

21 April 2015 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VII

20 April 2015 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications IV

18 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications

7 May 2014 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI

5 May 2014 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Infrared Technology and Applications XL

5 May 2014 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications V

5 May 2014 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications III

26 August 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications V

29 April 2013 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Infrared Technology and Applications XXXIX

29 April 2013 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications IV

29 April 2013 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Infrared Optoelectronics: Materials and Devices

4 September 2012 | Evanston, Illinois, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications II

14 August 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications III

23 April 2012 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Infrared Technology and Applications XXXVIII

23 April 2012 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications IV

23 April 2012 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems VI: Advance Applications in Industry and Defense

23 April 2012 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications

23 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Nano-Opto-Mechanical Systems (NOMS)

21 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems V: Advance Applications in Industry and Defense

25 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Technology and Applications XXXVII

25 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications III

25 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications II

25 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Detector Devices and Photoelectronic Imagers V

5 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems IV: Advanced Applications in Industry and Defense

5 April 2010 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications II

5 April 2010 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Energy Harvesting and Storage: Materials, Devices, and Applications

5 April 2010 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Technology and Applications XXXVI

5 April 2010 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared Detector Devices and Photoelectronic Imagers IV

5 August 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems III: Advanced Applications in Industry and Defense

14 April 2009 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Infrared and Photoelectronic Imagers and Detector Devices III

11 August 2008 | San Diego, California, United States

Nanosensing: Materials, Devices, and Systems III

11 September 2007 | Boston, MA, United States

Nanophotonics for Communication: Materials, Devices, and Systems IV

10 September 2007 | Boston, MA, United States

Nanomaterials Synthesis, Interfacing, and Integrating in Devices, Circuits, and Systems II

9 September 2007 | Boston, MA, United States

Nanophotonics for Communication: Materials, Devices, and Systems III

2 October 2006 | Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Nanomaterial Synthesis and Integration for Sensors, Electronics, Photonics, and Electro-Optics

1 October 2006 | Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Infrared and Photoelectronic Imagers and Detector Devices II

13 August 2006 | San Diego, California, United States

Nanophotonics for Communication: Materials and Devices II

26 October 2005 | Boston, MA, United States

Nanosensing: Materials and Devices II

23 October 2005 | Boston, MA, United States

Showing 5 of 74 Conference Committees

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