We propose an ensemble deep transfer learning (EDTL) method, which is a more refined multilayer feature extraction achieved by aggregating the convolutional layers of pretrained convolutional neural network models for joint optical modulation format recognition (MFR) and optical performance monitoring (OPM) in fiber-optic communication links. Modulation formats, such as quadrature phase shift keying, 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and 64 QAM, are monitored for the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) range of 20 to 30 dB by considering the dispersive effects of chromatic dispersion from 0 to 1200 ps / nm and polarization mode dispersion from 10 to 70 ps in the fiber-optic transmission path. First, the generated constellation diagrams affected by the impairments are used to optimize and evaluate the pretrained models based on classification targets. Then the proposed EDTL model is designed by aggregating the feature extractor parts of the pretrained models; it is implemented in three phases, and the results are comprehensively studied. Further, data augmentation and aggregation methods are introduced to enhance the performance of joint MFR and OPM. The results obtained prove that the proposed model provides faster convergence of MFR and better identification accuracy of OSNR toward optical signal diagnostics in optical networks for efficient optical link monitoring.
All-optical logic gates (AO-LGs) are the key elements that play a pivotal role in the development of future all-optical networks and all-optical computing. A complete overview of the seven all-optical logic gates (i.e., AND, OR, NOT, XOR, XNOR, NAND, and NOR) based on their design techniques and applications are covered, including the latest technologies, such as topological photonics and artificial intelligence-based designs techniques. In addition, we have further categorized the AO-LGs as reconfigurable gates, simultaneous gates, reversible gates, modulation-based gates, and data rate-based gates. The techniques to implement these different classes of gates are reviewed and their limitations are discussed. We also discuss in brief the various simulation tools used to design and analyze the AO-LGs. Finally, the most feasible techniques for constructing optical integrated circuits based on the existing fabrication technologies and available resources are explored, and future prospects are outlined.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.