This paper addresses the difficulties in achieving full-field and real-time measurement of the plasma temperature field evolution process produced by the electric explosion of metal bridge foils, both domestically and internationally. The interferometric method is adopted to measure the plasma temperature field evolution process. This method is widely used in industrial applications because it is highly efficient, high in precision, and can achieve dynamic real-time full-field measurement. Firstly, an experimental laser interferometer measurement system is established based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometric measurement system. Different physical images of the plasma at different times are obtained through experiments. The changes in the interference pattern generated in the plasma are analyzed to obtain the refractive index distribution of the plasma. A model for the refractive index and plasma temperature distribution is then established. The rationality and applicability of this model are theoretically analyzed and discussed, from which the temperature of the plasma produced after the metal bridge foil electric explosion can be deduced. The experimental results show that during the metal bridge foil electric explosion, the highest temperature in the entire flow field concentrates in the center of the plasma, reaching up to 7000K. There are also multiple temperature gradients, which remain continuously between 280 and 8000K.
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