We measure the concentration of oxy-, deoxy- and total hemoglobin by using the frequency-domain, near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) scanner. It is a non-invasive instrument that can provide real-time measurements of the changes in concentration. It can provide a diagnostic tool for the study of the brain in infants and children. However, it is difficult to apply it to the baby's head because of the contact of the probe on the soft baby's head. Therefore, we suggest the NIRS scanning system that can track the baby' head movement and detect NIRS parameters on the same position of the head. This system has three key components. The vision system performs the pattern matching for tracking the head by using the normalized cross correlation method with the target as a cross-line on the head during the diagnostic experiment. We can use the change of the position of the baby's head to re-target the light by the scanning system that uses four laser sources, a wavelength selector, and an x-y scanner. The detector system analyzes the resulting signal from the head using the diffusion model. Therefore, NIRS scanning system can provide a diagnostic tool to measure the changes of the NIRS parameters for the study of the baby's brain.
As the mapping of the human genome has been completed, increasing emphasis is being placed on large-scale protein separation and identification methods to define the function of proteins and their associated genes. Within the last decade the sensing technique using the surface plasmon resonance(SPR) has received a great deal of attention and has become a leading technology for affinity-based biosensing. In this paper I report a novel design of SPR fiber optic sensing elements which allows developing highly miniaturized SPR probes. A fiber-optic chemical sensor is presented which utilizes surface plasmon resonance excitation. The sensing element of the fiber has been made by removing a section of the fiber cladding and symmetrically depositing a thin layer of highly reflecting metal onto the fiber core. A white light source is used to introduce a range of wavelengths into the fiber optic. Changes in the sensed parameters are determined by measuring the transmitted spectral intensity distribution. Therefore, when a protein layer is adsorbed on the metal surface, an increase in the refractive index occurs and can be detected. Based on theoretical analysis, the sensor structure is optimized to achieve the maximum sensitivity.
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