Early work in source location using time-difference-of-arrival/frequency-difference-of-arrival (TDOA/FDOA) focused on locating acoustic sources while later work focused on locating electromagnetic sources. The key difference is the signal model assumptions: WSS Gaussian process is widely used in the acoustic case but is not appropriate in the electromagnetic case. The Fisher information (FI) is fundamentally different for the two scenarios and leads to different distortion metrics for data compression algorithms that seek to maximize the FI for a given data rate. We discuss the philosophical impacts of this relevant to the following question: having collected a single set of data and wanting to do the best "job" for that data, should it matter if the data is viewed as coming from a WSS random process?
This work shows that one must be careful when using a random signal model. If one takes the operational rate-distortion view, the goal of compression is to adapt the algorithm to the specific data observed. This is a modern view that contrasts with classical rate-distortion where the distortion measure includes an averaging over the ensemble. We assert that for the operational rate-distortion approach with FI as distortion measure, one should not use a random signal model.
Data compression ideas can be extended to assess the data quality across multiple sensors to manage the network of sensors to optimize the location accuracy subject to communication constraints. From an unconstrained-resources viewpoint it is desirable to use the complete set of deployed sensors; however, that generally results in an excessive data volume. We have previously presented here results on selecting pre-paired sensors. We have now extended our results to enable optimal joint pairing/selection of sensors.
Pairing and selecting sensors to participate in sensing is crucial to satisfying trade-offs between accuracy and time-line requirements. We propose two methods that use Fisher information to determine sensor pairing/selection. The first method optimally determines pairings as well as selections of pairs but with the constraint that no sensors are shared between pairs. The second method allows sensors to be shared between pairs. In the first method, it is simple to evaluate the Fisher information but is challenging to make the optimal selections of sensors. However, the opposite is true in the second method: it is more challenging to evaluate the Fisher information but is simple to make the optimal selections of sensors.
Data compression ideas can be extended to assess the data quality across multiple sensors to manage the network of sensors to optimize the location accuracy subject to communication constraints. From an unconstrained-resources viewpoint it is desirable to use the complete set of deployed sensors; however, that generally results in an excessive data volume. Selecting a subset of sensors to participate in a sensing task is crucial to satisfying trade-offs between accuracy and time-line requirements. For emitter location it is well-known that the geometry between sensors and the target plays a key role in determining the location accuracy. Furthermore, the deployed sensors have different data quality. Given these two factors, it is no trivial matter to select the optimal subset of sensors. We attack this problem through use of a data quality measure based on Fisher Information for set of sensors and optimize it via sensor selection and data compression.
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