In recent years, the large volume, high cost, and high power consumption of fiber optic gyroscopes composed of various discrete devices have limited their application in various micro inertial navigation systems. This paper proposes a fiber optic gyroscope based on integrated optoelectronic devices. Compared with fiber optic gyroscopes based on discrete components, fiber optic gyroscopes based on integrated optoelectronic devices significantly reduce their volume despite limited accuracy degradation, and are expected to be applied in integrated fiber optic gyroscopes.
Some single-mode fiber and its elements are used in low-polarization and polarization-maintaining hybrid path of fiber optic gyroscope. As the development of the miniaturization of interferometric fiber gyroscope, in some cases during the fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) light path assemble, the bending radius of optical device pigtails has to be bend with a small radius because of the compact structure requirement, particularly in single-mode pigtails. In single-mode optical fiber, the transmitted core-guided mode light and whispering gallery mode light will interfere with each other, and present influence on the transmitted light. In the precious investigations, the wavelength is fixed to 1550nm to measure the power loss with different bending radius of single-mode fiber. Thus, in this paper, a three-in-one integrated light source with the wavelength 1310nm is used for the investigation. The effect of single-mode fiber with bending radius from 4mm to 20mm and winding number from 10-50 will be investigated. It shows that single-mode fiber bending can lead to the transmitted light mean wavelength drifting and oscillating as the temperature ramping.
With the development of micro and small aircraft, unmanned systems, autonomous driving, wearable human navigation technology, missile guidance, and other fields. Accuracy is no longer the only core indicator of inertial navigation systems. Low cost, size, quality, and power (CSWaP) have become the key to enhancing the competitiveness of inertial technology products. Due to the large size and independent packaging of optical components, it is difficult to improve the CSWaP comprehensive performance of fiber optic gyroscopes (FOGs) under traditional solutions. Currently, using integrated optical technology to realize the integration of FOGs is the main way to reduce the comprehensive indicators of CSWaP of FOGs. Integrated FOGs refer to FOGs that use integrated optical chips to partially or completely replace optical devices of traditional FOGs. In this article, we propose a design scheme for a specialized integrated device of three-axis FOGs, which can achieve the integration of the main optical components of the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope optical path. It is of great significance for promoting the development process of miniaturization, lightweight, integration, low power consumption, and low cost of FOGs.
With the rapid growth of the demand for various unmanned platforms, such as small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), small Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs), and driverless vehicles, the miniaturized, integrated, and large-scale production of interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) and the fiber-optic inertial navigation have become an important research field. This paper first introduces the research status of integrated chip gyroscope, and then designs a miniaturized interferometric integrated optical gyroscope based on silicon lithium niobate thin waveguide, focusing on the structural design of silicon lithium niobate thin waveguide. The high efficiency microwave/light wave interaction problem of silicon lithium niobate thin waveguide electro-optical modulation is solved, the volume of optical modulator is significantly reduced, and the half wave voltage of optical modulator is reduced. Polarized waveguide is added to realize the function of traditional lithium niobate waveguide modulator. Finally, due to the stable chemical properties and high hardness of lithium niobate material, it is difficult to process it with conventional silicon waveguide etching process. This paper has conducted a preliminary study on its low loss processing technology. Although the silicon lithium niobate thin waveguide can significantly reduce the volume of the FOG and improve the integration of the FOG, due to the large gap between the size of the thin waveguide and the single-mode fiber core, if the direct alignment coupling is inevitable, a large coupling loss will be introduced. It is necessary to further study the low loss optical coupling technology of silicon lithium niobate to meet the requirements of miniaturized and integrated FOG.
Compared with laser gyroscope, it is still difficult for the scale factor stability of high-precision fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) to achieve better than 1ppm under variable temperature conditions due to the influences of the fiber coil and the light source. We proposed to add multiple precision temperature measuring devices to the fiber coil, and established a multi-modulus temperature compensation model by measuring the temperature at multiple locations of the fiber coil. The stability of the FOG scale factor is greatly improved.
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