Infrared imaging detection technology has been widely used. In the process of using infrared images for target observation, a large amount of typical target infrared radiation characteristic data is needed as infrared reference information to eliminate interference factors such as environment, time period, and false targets to achieve accurate target identification. The acquisition of typical target infrared radiation characteristic data is to use infrared characteristic measurement equipment to accurately measure the measured target under various external environments and conditions, and finally form the available target infrared radiation characteristic data through data analysis and arrangement. Since infrared target characteristic data needs to be acquired in the field, these devices generally have the characteristics of working environment in the field environment, multiple types of measurement targets, long measurement distance and wide measurement space. Therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of external environmental factors and accurately obtain the infrared characteristics of the target, it is necessary to calibrate the key parameters of the large-aperture infrared characteristics measurement equipment on the test site. However, there is currently no field calibration capability for large-aperture infrared characteristic measurement equipment, which has a negative impact on the application of infrared imaging detection systems. In order to solve the above problems, this paper develops a large-aperture long-focus optical system in an external field environment, which mainly includes a high-temperature standard infrared radiation source, a large-aperture off-axis primary mirror, a secondary mirror, and a target. After the development was completed, it was applied in the external field environment to calibrate a certain high-resolution infrared characteristic measurement equipment, and the relevant data were analyzed. The analysis results show that the uniformity measurement uncertainty is better than 0.4K (k=2), the distortion measurement uncertainty is better than 1% (k=2). And a good application effect is achieved.
KEYWORDS: Black bodies, Temperature metrology, Infrared radiation, Control systems, Temperature sensors, Neural networks, Infrared imaging, Imaging systems
With the further development of the technology, the application of infrared imaging detection system environment gradually extended to the external field, high altitude, near space and outer space, etc. Its working temperature range is getting wider and wider, low temperature can reach -50°C below, high temperature can reach 70°C above. Infrared imaging detection system needs to meet the requirements of quantitative detection technology in a wide temperature range to ensure the completion of corresponding functions. In order to ensure that the infrared detection system can perform performance testing, radiometric calibration and quantitative traceability in the whole temperature range, this paper developed a large-aperture high-precision fixed-point infrared radiation source with a wide temperature range, and its phase change medium is water. It mainly includes diaphragm assembly, radiation cavity, inner wall coating of radiation cavity, heating assembly, temperature control assembly, etc. After development, verification tests were carried out in high and low temperature environment, and the following indexes were achieved: effective emissivity ≥0.999, cavity opening diameter ≥60mm, and temperature measurement uncertainty: 5mK (k=2). It has been proved that it can meet the measurement and testing requirements of infrared detection system under wide temperature range.
In response to the demand for remote detection of high-temperature target spectral radiation, a detection method using a large-aperture grating spectrometer is proposed and a detection system is developed. The detection system is mainly composed of a large aperture Cassegrain optical lens, a 380nm~1000nm grating spectrometer, a1000nm~2450nm grating spectrometer, the long-wave infrared imaging aiming detection components, and the spectroscopic optical components. The detection system is placed in a two-axis turntable and the long-wave infrared imaging targeting detection component is used to aim at a remote high-temperature target. After the target spectral radiation is collected by the large-aperture Cassegrain optical lens, it reaches respectively the 380nm~1000nm grating spectrometer and the 1000nm~2450nm grating spectrometer through the spectroscopic optical components. A standard blackbody of 1000℃ is used to test the performance of the detection system. The test results show that the detection accuracy of spectral radiance is within 5% at most spectral points. The remote high-temperature target spectral radiation detection method proposed in this paper can provide technical support for remote target detection, analysis, and recognition.
Starlight navigation is a navigation technology with strong anti-interference ability, which can output aircraft attitude, azimuth and other information. The star sensors not only have the highest measurement accuracy, but also have no time drift error, so that they become the most widely used attitude sensors in the aerospace field. The star sensor shall be calibrated before being put into use to ensure the accuracy of the star sensor. When the star simulator is used to calibrate the magnitude of the star sensor, the mismatch between the spectrum of the star simulator and the simulated star spectrum will produce a large magnitude simulation error. Therefore, a spectral tunable light source based on pulse width modulation is studied and designed in this paper, which can simulate the stellar radiation at different color temperatures, in order to solve the high-precision magnitude calibration of star sensor under different color temperatures. The spectrum tunable light source based on PWM control can realize 3000K ~ 20000k spectrum modulation within 360 ~ 900nm, the output optical power is stable, the error of spectrum simulation is better than ±0.1, and the uniformity of light source is better than 97%. It can be used for high-precision radiation calibration of star sensor with different color temperature. The problem of spectrum mismatch between star sensor and star simulator is solved, and the error of magnitude simulation is reduced.
The importance and necessity of high temperature dynamic measurement techniques is analyzed in the paper. According to the requirement of solid rocket engine test, infrared radiation thermometry technology, colorimetric measurement technology and multi-wavelength radiation thermometry technology are used in the high temperature dynamic measurement device. The device worked well under harsh environment in the test site. Testing data is analyzed during the experiment and the results match the theoretical calculation. Application analysis of high temperature dynamic measurement techniques is made. It is clearly that optical measurement technology is quite prospected in the model test.
KEYWORDS: Calibration, Infrared radiation, Radiometry, Black bodies, Signal detection, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Environmental sensing, Signal processing, Optical design
In this paper, the demand for value transfer and traceability in the quantitative measurement of infrared radiation characteristics in the field environment is analyzed, and the necessity and significance of value transfer and traceability are expounded. According to the requirements of infrared radiation quantity transfer and traceability in the field environment, the development of infrared radiation quantity transfer radiometer is completed, which mainly includes athermalized optical system, diaphragm module, chopper, reference blackbody module, infrared detection module, signal acquisition system and so on. It is applied in the field environment. By comparing the measurement method with the standard blackbody radiation source, the quantity transfer of a certain type of field target characteristic measurement equipment is carried out, and the relevant data are analyzed. The analysis results show that the measurement uncertainty is better than 1 % by traceability in the field environment. Therefore, the measurement uncertainty of the infrared radiation characteristics in the field can be effectively improved by transmitting the infrared radiometer through this value and cooperating with the standard blackbody radiation source, and the traceability chain of the infrared radiation value in the field environment can be improved, which has good application value.
Aiming at the key parameter measurement bottlenecks and urgent needs of high-resolution optical loads such as satellite panchromatic multi-spectral cameras, full-spectrum multi-modal imaging spectrometers, and high-resolution imaging spectrometers, a set of wide-spectrum super-large area array optical loads is designed The device was calibrated for key parameters of absolute spectral responsivity, and the measurement uncertainty of the device was evaluated. This device is mainly composed of a broad spectrum light source, monochromator, optical system, standard radiometer, two-dimensional control translation stage, scanning control system, data acquisition and integrated control system. The measurement range is a wide spectral band, 0.4μm~1.6μm, the measurement resolution can reach 10k×10k, and the measurement uncertainty of absolute spectral radiance responsivity is 3% (k=2) [radiance range: 0.1W/(sr∙m2)~10W/(sr∙ m2)]. Establish a set of absolute spectral responsivity calibration device for wide-spectrum super-large area array optical load to solve the technical problem that the key parameters of wide-spectrum high-resolution optical cameras cannot be calibrated in the process of development, debugging, scientific research and production, and provide high-resolution earth observation for my country Provide services for quantitative needs in engineering, military reconnaissance, marine monitoring, and meteorological monitoring.
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