Despite the effectiveness of using fractional picosecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG lasers for facial rejuvenation or resurfacing, the underlying mechanisms of the dermal remodeling with this nonablative treatment are not fully understood. We perform harmonic generation and reflectance confocal microscopy for the in vivo observation of laser-induced optical breakdown. We have found that the induced vacuoles extend to the papillary dermis using second harmonic generation imaging, which is different from the histopathology examinations and previous studies using optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy. Our finding suggests that the fractional picosecond laser may induce collagen degeneration through suboptimal thermal effects.
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