In this article is presented the selection method of the single mode telecommunication fiber to the electromagnetic filed
sensors which can measure the constant and alternating currents. This method allows the selection of the optical fiber to
the sensor depending on the measured parameters.
Diffusion processes in thermally diffused expanded-core (TEC) of single mode telecommunication fibers areas, at temperatures t=1900°C ÷2000°C were presented in the paper. The loss of TEC areas of thermally connected telecommunication fibers of different types (G.652 and G.655) in above mentioned temperatures of splicing was theoretically analyzed and counted. In the analysis the loss resulted from the mismatch of mode fields of connected fibers and at the same time the mismatch of the dimensions of transit areas were taken under consideration. Presented analysis allows, assuming the knowledge of the values of core dopant diffusion coefficients, the temperature and the time of splicing, to predict the loss of splicing of different types telecommunication fibers. Consistence of the theoretical calculations with experimental data of thermal connected telecommunication fibers with significantly different parameters, was proved.
Simulation of splicing process of fibers with large effective area Aeff with standard telecommunication fibers is
presented in the article. The aim of the simulation was to design the process of diffusion in spliced fibers in order to
compensate radiuses of mode fields of spliced fibers. The simulation showed that refractive index profiles both in fibers
with step and step (standard telecommunication fibers) index refractive profile reach, after appropriate design of
diffusion process, single diffusion maximum, that may be approximated with Gaussian distribution. The results of
estimation of loss of above mentioned splicings were presented. Adjusting of mode field radius and length of transit
areas TEC (Thermally Diffused Expanded Core Area) was taken under consideration.
In this work diffusion processes in thermal connected cylindrical fibers with weakly guiding and circular cross-section,
that is telecommunication fibers, have been presented. There have been discussed diffusion distributions of the
core dopant of fibers spliced in t ≈ 2000o C. Gaussian approximations of the core dopant concentration distribution and
refractive index in the connecting area of single mode telecommunication fibers have been presented. Theoretical
analysis of propagation and loss characteristics for thermally diffused expanded-core (TEC) of single mode
telecommunication fibers has been performed, as well. Consistence of theoretical calculation results with experimental
data, achieved on the basis of connecting telecommunication fibers with significantly different parameters, has been
proved.
Thermally diffused areas of telecommunication single mode fiber core reduce loss of fiber-to-fiber or laser-tofiber
couplings indeed. Loss of such area is small if it remains single-modal. In the work, for step, Gaussian and power
refractive index profiles, for which fundamental mode LP01 distribution can be approximated by Gaussian function, the
so-called equal volume profiles were given. For these profile forms, it has been shown that the fibers remain single-modal
independently of changing values of core radius e.g. after diffusion. It has been shown that because Gaussian
profile approximates well diffusion distribution, this thermally diffused core area, which has constant quantity of dopant
in the diffusion area, remains single-modal.
In the work there were presented research referred to Gaussian refractive index profile which appears in thermal joint area of splicing different types of single mode fibers with circular symmetry and weakly guiding i.e. different types of telecommunication fibers. There were presented results of measurements of coupling loss appeared in thermal joint area of splicing different types of telecommunication fibers and their interpretation that takes into consideration diffusion of dopant from core and description of fundamental mode field and refractive index by Gaussian function.
In this work an analysis of one-way and two-way reflectometric measurements of splices of single mode fibers with different parameters has been made. Results of splicing conditions optimization for standard fibers MC SMF (Matched Cladding Single Mode Fiber - G.652), and with non-zero dispersion NZDS SMF (Non-Zero Dispersion Shifted Single Mode Fiber - G.655) have been presented. On the basis of one-way reflectometric measurements a method explicitly proving the existence of a transient area in the spliced fibers has been presented. Reference to norms and recommendations concerning one-way and two-way reflectometric measurements of telecommunication fibers splices have also been made.
In this paper, some results of optimization of process of arc fusion splicing of single mode optical telecommunication fibers in climatic circumstances characterized by temperature changes in the range t =-2 °C ÷ 32 °C and by relative humidity variations in the range RH = 30 ÷ 92 % are presented. The means of determining jointly the climatic circumstances: temperature, relative humidity and dew-point excluding possibility of performing a paper arc fusion splicing of optical fibers is reported. The results of measurements of attenuation, reflectivity and mechanical strength of arc fusion splicing of single mode telecommunication optical fibers produced in extreme climatic circumstances are presented as well.
In this paper, the influence of diffusion processes of Ge02 impurity during arc fusion splicing on the parameters of splices of single mode telecommunication fibers of different types are discussed. The calculated values of diffusion coefficients of Ge02 in Si02 for fusion temperature are given. Moreover, assuming different diffusion models, the parameters of the dopant diffusion area, from the core to the claddings of fused fibers, are calculated. On this basis, the optimal values for fusion times and currents for optical telecommunication fibers of different types, to fulfil the telecommunication requirements on splices regarding their loss, reflectance and resistance to tearing, are calculated as well. The results of measurements of loss and mechanical strength of splices for the automatic and optimized programs for spliced connections of the TrueWave® optical fiber with other single mode telecommunication fibers are presented.
Results of reflectometric measurements of the lengths of sectors of single mode telecommunication fibers. Significant extension even by a few meters, of the measured sections, as compared with their real lengths, have been discovered assuming that the measurement was made from the reflectometer towards the splice, and it was found out that the length was shortened if the measurement was made from the splice towards the event of the reflection type (the end of the route). Measurement were made on the band 1310 nm and 1550 nm with the use of a few reflectometers of different types. Analysis and possible reasons of measurement errors have been presented as well as a proposition how to correct them.
Results of measurement of True Wave fiber parameters have been presented. These results have been compared with the parameters of standard fibers and dispersion shifted fibers. Results of NZDF fiber splicing with single mode fibers of different types have been presented. Results of optimization of splicing process of these fibers have been presented.
Results of research on the influence of weather conditions (t equals 10 divided by 27 degree(s)C; H equals 30 divided by 90%) on the process of splicing of standard single mode fibers SM (G.652) and fibers with dispersion shifted DS (G.653) have been presented as well as the results of optimization of splicing SM and DS fibers.
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