Mr. Miguel D. Hernandez Profile

Miguel D. Hernandez

Graduate Student at Univ de Puerto Rico Mayagüez

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2006 Paper

Macro-sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene onto sandy and clay soils

Miguel Hernández, Ivonne Santiago, Ingrid Padilla

Proceedings Volume 6217, 621736 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665804

KEYWORDS: Adsorption, Solids, Carbon, Soil science, Explosives, Environmental sensing, Liquids, Diffusion, Natural surfaces, Civil engineering

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Understanding sorption mechanisms of Explosive Related Chemicals (ERCs) in subsurface environments is essential in predicting their fate and transport, since sorption onto the soil may reduce the ERC concentration in the liquid and gas phase, thus affecting its subsequent detection. This project is studying the equilibrium and non-equilibrium sorption of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) onto soils under different conditions such as temperature and soil type (sandy soil, clayey soil). The sorption behavior of DNT in tropical soils samples from Isabela, P.R. under saturated conditions is currently being studied at 25±2°C. Kinetic sorption experiments showed that equilibrium was achieved after approximately 30 hours for sand and approximately 12 hours for clay. Equilibrium studies in the range of 2-14 mg/L of DNT followed a Freundlich isotherm. These results demonstrate it is not appropriate to assume a linear relationship between the amount of solute sorbed onto the solid and the concentration of the solute as may not always be the case for concentrations outside a certain range that will be dependent on the type of soil and organic matter content. This might result in under or over estimation of adsorption, and thus the fate and transport and eventual detection of DNT. At low DNT concentrations (less than 6 mg/L for sand and less than 8 mg/L for clay), the isotherms were quasilinear. In this range, a linear adsorption constant, K_d value of 0.0172 L/Kg and 1.46 L/Kg for sand and clay, respectively, showed there was more affinity of the DNT for clay than for sand.

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