KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, 3D modeling, Data modeling, Atmospheric modeling, Agriculture, Vegetation, Einsteinium, Meteorology, Near infrared, 3D metrology
A vineyard architecture model coupled with a soil water balance model is used to explore the links between vineyard
reflectance in different scenarios of plant water stress, taking into account meteorological data, agricultural data and site
specific information to produce virtual 3D scenes describing vineyard canopies. The ability of the model to predict LAI
dynamics was evaluated against destructive measurements in four experimental sites producing reasonable results
(RMSE=0.30). The model was run in direct mode to simulate vineyard canopies with three different levels of water
stress (no irrigation, intermediate irrigation and full irrigation). Canopy reflectance and NDVI vegetation index were
calculated for the simulated scenes using ray-tracing techniques. The results show that vineyard water stress can be
detected in vineyard canopies through LAI estimation from canopy reflectance and NDVI. However, the links between
LAI and reflectance are highly influenced by canopy architecture at zenith viewings: the effect of agricultural practices
as trellis system or pruning should be taken into account to interpret correctly reflectance data. The sensitivity of
reflectance to vineyard architecture depends on the viewing direction: at zenith the contribution of row dimensions and
leaf spatial distribution is maxima, while at viewing zenith angles > 60° and azimuth perpendicular to rows, sensitivity of
reflectance to LAI is enhanced, with a small influence of vineyard architecture.
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