In order to satisfy the strict requirements of the surface-shapes and lightweight ratios for space mirrors, the following
factors for primary mirror and its support are summarized, shape decision, material selection, lightweight methods,
support pattern, weight-loss function and thermal stability, according to the special requirement about primary mirror in
modern space camera. The design method of lightweight structure and the flexible supporting structure of the primary
mirror is proposed. In order to ensure its optical performance, flexible support structure was introduced to improve stress
distribution in a variety of conditions. The finite element models for some kinds of lightweight mirror are built for
analyzing the influence of the mirror weight on its surface. It satisfy that [PV]≤λ/10, [RMS] ≤λ/40, (λ=632.8nm) with
different gravity orientation. The primary mirror structure of the dynamic stiffness was checked by modal analysis of the
primary mirror. Finally, according to the experiments, It is proved that the weight, stiffness and surface accuracy of the
primary mirror can meet the engineering requirement, and the mirror supporting structure and lightweight is reasonable.
A new approach of optimization and optical design for a miniature projector with two liquid lenses is proposed. To get the satisfactory performance of the optics, we achieve the optimization via integrating damped least square with the modified ant colony algorithm. The results show that we achieve a successful optical design and the optimization of the miniature projector with liquid lenses, whose clear image ranges from 120 to 2500 mm.
A free-form lens system design is proposed for short distance projection. Free-form surface shape and non-rotational
symmetrical structure provide us more freedoms for optimization. The catadioptric structure is also used to reduce the
overall length of the whole system. The designed projector lens system consists of two parts. The first part is a
rotationally symmetrical lens system which corrects the basic aberrations. The second part contains a free-form lens and
a reflector which correct the distortion and other aberrations. We achieve 55inch projected image size at a display screen
which is 300mm away from the lens system. The maximum distortion for all fields at all distances is less than 3%.
Liquid lens is a novel optical device which can implement active zooming. With liquid lens, zoom camera can be
designed with more miniature size and simpler structure than before. It is thought that the micro zoom system with liquid
lens has a very wide potential applications in many fields, in which the volume and weight of the system are critically
limited, such as endoscope, mobile, PDA and so on. There are mainly three types of tunable-focus liquid lens: liquid
crystal lens, electrowetting effect based liquid lens and liquid-filled membrane lens. Comparing with the other two kinds
of liquid lens, the liquid-filled membrane lens has the advantages of simple structure, flexible aperture and high zooming
efficiency. But its membrane surface will have an initial shape deformation caused by the gravity when the aperture of
the lens is at large size, which will lead to the wave front aberration and the imaging quality impairing. In this paper, the
initial deformation of the lens caused by the gravity was simulated based on the theory of Elastic Mechanics, which was
calculated by the Finite Element Analysis method. The relationship between the diameter of the lens and the wave front
aberration caused by the gravity was studied. And the Optical path difference produced by different liquid density was
also analyzed.
Touch screen has a very wide range of applications. Most of them are used in public information inquiries, for instance,
service inquiries in telecommunication bureau, tax bureau, bank system, electric department, etc...Touch screen can also
be used for entertainment and virtual reality applications too. Traditionally, touch screen was composed of pairs of
infrared LED and correspondent receivers which were all installed in the screen frame. Arrays of LED were set in the
adjacent sides of the frame of an infrared touch screen while arrays of the infrared receivers were fixed in each opposite
side, so that the infrared detecting network was formed. While the infrared touch screen has some technical limitations
nowadays such as the low resolution, limitations of touching methods and fault response due to environmental
disturbances. The plastic material has a relatively high absorption rate for infrared light, which greatly limits the size of
the touch screen. Our design uses laser diode as source and change the traditional inner structure of touch screen by
using a light pipe with microstructures. The geometric parameters of the light pipe and the microstructures were obtained
through equation solving. Simulation results prove that the design method for touch screen proposed in this paper could
achieve high resolution and large size of touch screen.
The design theory and method for illumination systems with free-form reflectors are studied. Uniform bicubic B-spline surfaces are used to describe the shape of the reflector, and the control point coordinates are calculated by equation solving after the shape points of the reflector are obtained. An iterative method is developed to calculate the coordinates of the intersection point of an incident ray with a B-spline surface in 3D space. Formulae are given to calculate the direction cosines of the surface normal at the intersection point. For segmented reflectors, a method is presented to rapidly determine the segment with which the incident ray strikes, which can greatly improve the efficiency of ray-tracing for segmented reflectors. The damped-least-squares method is used to optimize the B-spline surface reflector. The Z-coordinates of the control points are adjusted through the optimization, so that the light distribution generated by the reflector with a real (extended) source meets the design requirements.
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