Exciton-polaritons (EPs) are formed when cavity photons hybridize with electron-hole pairs (excitons) in semiconductors. The part-light part-matter nature of EPs leads to a range of desirable properties associated with light-like energy flow combined with strong matter-like interactions. We demonstrate a momentum-selective ultrafast optical imaging approach that tracks polariton propagation in real space and time in a wide range of emerging semiconductors. Focusing our analysis on 2D halide perovskite microcavities, we leverage our approach to directly resolve polariton-lattice and polariton-polariton interactions, as well as how uncoupled ‘dark’ excitons influence polariton dynamics and transport.The new and generalizable insight on EP propagation and scattering gained in this study testify to the power of our direct imaging approach.
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