Dr. Chellappanpillai Suresh Raju Profile

Dr. Chellappanpillai Suresh Raju

at Vikram Sarabhai Space Ctr

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 8 December 2006 Paper

Double ITCZ observed over the tropical Indian Ocean: characteristics derived from cloud properties and OLR

S. Meenu, K. Rajeev, C. Suresh Raju, K. Parameswaran

Proceedings Volume 6408, 64081H (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.694055

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Satellites, Climatology, Data centers, Earth observing sensors, Photography, Atmospheric sensing, Thermography, Meteorological satellites, Meteorology

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Simultaneous occurrence of two bands of inter tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) on either side of the equator, generally known as double-ITCZ (DITCZ), over the Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) is investigated using the cloud characteristics derived from NOAA-14/16-AVHRR data (1996-2003), the monthly mean cloud characteristics obtained from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP-D2) (1984-2004) and the monthly mean outgoing long wave radiation (OLR: 1974-2004) data obtained from NOAA. A well discernible signature of DITCZ could be observed over the EIO in terms of total as well as high cloud amount and OLR. The doubling of ITCZ occurs mainly in the western part of EIO between 50°E and 80°E. The frequency of occurrence of DITCZ over the Indian Ocean is largest in November (percentage of occurrence ~85%) and December (~62%), which is significantly larger than that reported from earlier studies. The most preferred latitude for the northern and southern bands of DITCZ is ~5°N and ~7.5°S respectively in November and ~5°N and ~10°S in December. The amplitude of the DITCZ, defined as the difference between the total cloud fraction in the equatorial region of minimum cloudiness and that in the respective bands of the DITCZ, is 0.05 to 0.25 for the southern branch and 0.05 to 0.15 for the northern branch. The corresponding amplitude in terms of OLR is 10Wm^-2 to 15Wm^-2 in the southern band and 5Wm^-2 to 10Wm^-2 in the northern band.

Proceedings Article | 8 December 2006 Paper

Regional distribution of the high-altitude clouds over the Indian subcontinent and surrounding oceanic regions based on seven years of satellite observations

S. Meenu, K. Rajeev, K. Parameswaran, C. Suresh Raju

Proceedings Volume 6408, 64080C (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.694036

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Convection, Satellites, Thermography, Earth observing sensors, Head, Ocean optics, Troposphere, Information operations, Infrared radiation

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Quantitative estimates of the spatio-temporal variations in deep convective events over the Indian subcontinent, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and tropical Indian Ocean are carried out using the data obtained from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard NOAA-14 and NOAA-16 during the period 1996-2003. Pixels having thermal IR brightness temperature (BT) less than 245K are considered as high altitude clouds and those having BT<220 K are considered as very high altitude clouds. Very deep convective clouds are observed over north Bay of Bengal during the Asian summer monsoon season when the mean cloud top temperature reaches as low as 190K. Over the Head Bay of Bengal (HBoB) from June to September, more than 50% of the observed clouds are deep convective type and more than half of these deep convective clouds are very deep convective clouds. Histogram analysis of the cloud top temperatures during this period shows that over HBoB the most prominent cloud top temperature of the deep convective clouds is ~205K over the HBoB while that over southeast Arabian Sea (SEAS) is ~220K. This indicates that most probably the cloud top altitude over HBoB is ~2 km larger than that over SEAS during the Asian summer monsoon period. Another remarkable feature observed during the Asian summer monsoon period is the significantly low values of deep convective clouds observed over the south Bay of Bengal close to Srilanka, which appears as a large pool of reduced cloud amount surrounded by regions of large-scale deep convection. Over both SEAS and HBoB, the total, deep convective and very deep convective cloud amounts as well as their corresponding cloud top temperatures (or the altitude of the cloud top) undergo large seasonal variations, while such variations are less prominent over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean.

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