Active phased array radar is currently the development trend of radar system. It consists of thousands of separate Transmit/Receive (T/R) modules with the power transmission function to achieve the phase and amplitude modulation. For a radar system, target detection is always the most important issue. Basically, some antennas perform the tracking task, while the remaining antennas conduct the search function after a radar system detects the targets. With such multiple T/R modules or namely, the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) scheme, the radar can have larger radar gain advantage to increase its search region or capacity. However, as the increase of antennas adopted by the active phased array radar, the required hardware and computational complexity also becomes a serious concern for the radar system in practical realizations. In literatures, one of the solutions for avoiding such drawback is to select the antennas properly and effectively for target detection and tracking. In this paper, we proposed a novel target detection method based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion to predict and locate the targets correctly and optimally for active phased array radar system. Besides, an antenna selection method is also proposed and combined to the target detection in reducing the required hardware and computational complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed methods can not only take the advantage of reducing hardware and computational complexity, but also maintain the performances of the radar system.
Multiband cognitive radar systems, operating in a variety of frequency bands and combining the different channels into a joint system, can provide significant flexibility and capability to detect and track hostile targets. This paper proposes a multi-passband complex filter (MPCF) architecture and the related circuit design for a multiband cognitive radar system. By operating under the 5.8GHz UNII band, the sensing part detects the current usage of frequency bands from 5.15GHz to 5.825GHz and provides the information of unused channels. The multiband cognitive radar system uses the whole unused channels and eliminates the used channels by using an on-chip MPCF in order to be coexistent with the Wi-Fi standard. The MPCF filters out the unwanted channels and leave the wanted channels. It dynamically changes the bandwidth of frequency from 20MHz to 80MHz using the 0.18μm CMOS technology. The MPCF is composed of the combination of 5th-order Chebyshev low-pass filters and high-pass filters, and the overall inband ripple of the MPCF is 1.2dB. The consuming current is 21.7mA at 1.8V power supply and the 20MHz bandwidth noise is 55.5nV. The total harmonic distortion (THD) is 45dB at 25MHz and the adjacent channel rejection is 24dB. The result of the MPCF guarantees the performance requirements of the multiband cognitive radar system.
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