We propose and demonstrate experimentally a direct-detection single-end Brillouin temperature sensing system based on single-photon detector to evaluate the ambient temperature along the sensing link, which is an excellent candidate for the demodulation of frequency shift from Brillouin gain spectrum in traditional Brillouin configurations. In the proposed method, the ratio of the Rayleigh backscattering component and the Brillouin anti-Stokes component is used to demodulate the temperature information along the measured optical fiber link. Proof-of-concept experiment proves that a spatial resolution of 1.2m over 4.2km sensing range with a 1.24°C temperature error can be obtained. Additionally, the proposed direct-detection Brillouin sensor maintains large dynamic range, which boosts its practicability.
Utilizing the single-photon detector, a direct-detection single-end Brillouin optical-fiber sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for distributed temperature information measurement, which is an excellent candidate for the demodulation of frequency shift from Brillouin gain spectrum in conventional Brillouin schemes with coherent detection and frequency sweep. In our scheme, the ratio of the backscattered Rayleigh component and the Brillouin anti- Stokes signal is used to evaluate the ambient temperature along the fiber under test. Proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate 20dB dynamic range over 34km sensing fiber with a 0.96°C temperature error. In view of the good characteristics we achieved now, the photon-counting distributed Brillouin temperature sensor may be used in practical engineering fields such as smart grid.
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