Nano-structure of soft and wet materials are making important roles in radiation therapy, as a three-dimensional (3D) gel dosimeter. In the last decades, radiation therapy instruments have had a large progressive of the accuracy, therefore more precise measurements have became important. We study new materials and apparatus, which measure three dimensional absorbed dose distributions. New materials are double network (DN2) gel and improved PAGAT (yDAGAT) gel, the former has several good points, high transparency, high water content, high mechanical strength, and toughness, the later has similar properties of PAGAT gel but will be more tractable. The new type of optical-CT machine is Scanning Microscopic Light Scattering System (SMILS). Usual optical-CT uses the opacity, which is measured by the intensity, however SMILS also uses dynamic light scattering (DLS) theory with original ensemble average method. By using the intensity and DLS information, more accurate information are expected. We have established one-dimensional measurement by SMILS using irradiated DN gel. Additionally, yDAGAT is successfully composed. In the future, we are planning to develop three-dimensional radiation measurement apparatus by 3D printable gel and 3D SMILS.
In our group, highly transparent shape memory gels were successfully synthesized for the first time in the world. These
gels have the high strength of 3MPs modulus even with the water content of 40wt% water and high transparency. We
consider that these highly transparent and high strength gels can be applied to the optical devices such as intraocular-lenses
and optical fibers. In previous research by our group, attempts were made to manufacture the gel intraocular-lenses using
highly transparent shape memory gels. However, it was too difficult to print the intraocular-lens finely enough. Here, we
focus on a 3D printer, which can produce objects of irregular shape. 3D printers generally we fused deposition modeling
(FDM), a stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) and selective laser sintering (SLS). Because highly transparent shape memory
gels are gelled by light irradiation, we used 3D printer with stereo lithography apparatus (SLA). In this study, we found
the refractive index of highly transparent shape memory gels depend on monomer concentration, and does not depend on
the cross-linker or initiator concentration. Furthermore, the cross-linker and initiator concentration can change the gelation
progression rate. As a result, we have developed highly transparent shape memory gels, which can have a range of
refractive indexes, and we defined the optimal conditions that can be modeling in the 3D printer by changing the cross-linker
and initiator concentration. With these discoveries we were able to produce a gel intraocular-lens replica.
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