Beams carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) have garnered significant attention in the fields of radar and communications. However, traditional methods of generating OAM beams, such as the spiral phase plate and phased arrays, are limited to the sequential generation of corresponding modal OAM beams. This paper proposes a novel, highly efficient method for generating intra-pulse time-varying OAM beams leveraging the Uniform Circular-Frequency Diverse Array (UC-FDA). Furthermore, the paper introduces an object detection method utilizing a single OAM pulse, based on linear frequency modulation signals. Range measurements are achieved through the use of multiple matched filtering techniques for pulse compression. Subsequently, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied to extract azimuthal information of targets. The performance of the proposed method for range and azimuth angle measurements are analyzed, with simulations demonstrating the validity.
Electromagnetic (EM) vortex carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) has received more attention recently due to infinite degree of information modulation and unique methods of information acquisition. This paper clarified multi- OAM generation method and introduced a novel radar imaging theory to improve azimuthal resolution by utilizing abundant OAM modes. Subsequently radiated characteristics were analyzed with EM software simulation and numerical simulation to evaluate the potential of EM vortex imaging. The results show that phase distribution and OAM purity in main lobe can satisfy imaging performance. Incoherent pattern direction problem and side lobe energy depressing can be solved by adjusting the radius of concentric uniform circular array.
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