Structured light are fields which are spatially shaped in its properties such as its amplitude, phase, or polarization. This spatial variation enables light to carry interesting features including orbital angular momentum, complex energy flow structures, singularity configurations, and more. We will discuss how these features make structured light a cutting-edge tool in various areas, ranging from singular and quantum optics to nanophotonics. Exploring its capabilities, we will present the customization of light down to the nanoscale and its application for advanced imaging of nanoemitters as well as quantum cryptography.
When light interacts with media down to the nanoscale, it is spatially structured, e.g., in its amplitude, phase, or polarization, depending on media properties. This interaction can be used for various applications: For instance, we can advance standard imaging by extracting usually inaccessible information from nonparaxial structured light, such as the 3d orientation of nanoscale emitters. Moreover, we can advance quantum cryptography by 3d polarized structured light, encoded and decoded by an inversely designed integrated emitter structure. We will provide insights into these applications, showing the benefit of structured light meeting functional nanostructures.
If light interacts with media, it will naturally transform into structured light, spatially varying in its properties as amplitude, phase, and/or polarization and carrying information about the interacting medium. Going to the nano-regime, media information is typically hidden in the non-paraxial properties of light, including its 3D polarization states. However, with standard imaging techniques, this information is not directly accessible and stays invisible. We present how customized non-paraxial laser light fields can serve as a sophisticated tool for revealing hidden media information by selective dipole excitation. Additionally, we further advance our system by implementing a dielectric metasurface for information extraction.
If light interacts with media, it will naturally transform into structured light, spatially varying in its properties as amplitude, phase, and/or polarization and carrying information about the interacting medium. Going to the nano-regime, media information is typically hidden in the non-paraxial properties of light, including its 3D polarization states. However, with standard imaging techniques, this information is not directly accessible and stays invisible. We present how customized non-paraxial laser light fields can serve as a sophisticated tool for revealing hidden media information by selective dipole excitation. Additionally, we further advance our system by implementing a dielectric metasurface for information extraction.
Three-dimensional elements, with refractive index distribution structured at subwavelength scale, provide an expansive optical design space that can be harnessed for demonstrating multifunctional free-space optical devices. We present three dimensional dielectric elements, designed to be placed on top of the pixels of image sensors that provide different functionalities like sorting and focusing of light based on its color and polarization with efficiency significantly surpassing two dimensional absorptive and diffractive filters, and ultra-compact polarimetry. The devices are designed via iterative gradient-based optimization to account for multiple target functions while ensuring compatibility with existing nanofabrication processes, and they are experimentally validated using a scaled device that operates at microwave frequencies. This approach combines arbitrary functions into a single compact element, even where there is no known equivalent in bulk optics, enabling novel integrate
Optical metasurfaces enable control of the phase, polarization and amplitude of optical wavefronts with high spatial resolution that can be difficult to achieve via other means. This opens the possibility of developing new imaging devices that provide various advantages in terms of size and multi-functionality compared to conventional optical systems. One such modality is quantitative phase imaging, that enable label-free imaging of transparent bio-samples. Miniaturization of these imaging systems will extend their potentials in biomedical and diagnostic applications. We demonstrate a novel quantitative phase gradient microscope using two multifunctional metasurface layers that retrieves a quantitative phase gradient image in a single shot with low noise levels and single cell resolution. Besides quantitative phase imaging, I will discuss other imaging applications for dielectric metasurfaces, including hyperspectral imaging.
Quantitative phase imaging systems enable label-free imaging of transparent bio-samples. Miniaturization of these imaging systems will extend their potentials in biomedical and diagnostic applications. Here, we demonstrate a novel quantitative phase gradient microscope using two multifunctional metasurface layers. Thanks to the multi-functionality and compactness of the dielectric metasurfaces, the device simultaneously captures three differential interference contrast images to retrieve a quantitative phase gradient image in a single shot. Imaging experiments with diverse phase samples verify the capability to capture quantitative phase gradient data, with low noise levels and single cell resolution.
We present a novel method for converting channel plasmon polariton (CPP) waves in a waveguide into free-space optical waves. A grating decoupler in the CPP waveguide is designed by using grating equation. The CPP interacts with the grating decoupler and is re-radiated into the air. The effective index in the grating equation can be obtained by examining the dispersion characteristics of CPPs. In addition, a design strategy for efficient out-coupling is discussed. This works are believed to offer appropriate functionality for lab-on-a-chip sensing applications.
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