Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the world which shows rising prevalence leading to increased comorbidities, such as, Ischemic heart disease and Stroke that the main cause of deaths in the world. Since AF and most of the arrhythmias are generated due to electrical problems at the heart, electrocardiography provides the best noninvasive method to diagnose and QRS complex play an important role as a benchmark. In this paper, a novel methodology for QRS complex detection is presented. The algorithm introduces a modification of the well known Pan Tompkins approach, performing a multi channel detection, based on the signal to noise ratio of every channel. After application of the squaring operation in the channels with the highest signal to noise ratio a new single channel is created with improved quality, allowing the accurate detection of the QRS complexes in signals with atrial arrhythmias. The approach was tested in electrocardiography records from the Hospital Universitario de Valencia in Spain, showing an average positive predictive value of 99.6% and an average sensitivity of 99.9%.
Fetal ECG monitoring is a useful method to assess the fetus health and detect abnormal conditions. In this paper we propose an approach to extract fetal ECG from abdomen and chest signals using independent component analysis based on the joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices approach. The JADE approach avoids redundancy, what reduces matrix dimension and computational costs. Signals were filtered with a high pass filter to eliminate low frequency noise. Several levels of decomposition were tested until the fetal ECG was recognized in one of the separated sources output. The proposed method shows fast and good performance.
Echocardiography is a medical imaging technique based on ultrasound signals that is used to evaluate heart anatomy and physiology. Echocardiographic images are affected by speckle, a type of multiplicative noise that obscures details of the structures, and reduces the overall image quality. This paper shows an approach to enhance echocardiography using two processing techniques: temporal compounding and anisotropic diffusion filtering. We used twenty echocardiographic videos that include one or three cardiac cycles to test the algorithms. Two images from each cycle were aligned in space and averaged to obtain the compound images. These images were then processed using anisotropic diffusion filters to further improve their quality. Resultant images were evaluated using quality metrics and visual assessment by two medical doctors. The average total improvement on signal-to-noise ratio was up to 100.29% for videos with three cycles, and up to 32.57% for videos with one cycle.
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