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James Davis

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Proceedings Article | 4 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Dispersion-engineered phase change material integrated silicon photonic modulators with controlled insertion losses

James Davis, Yihao Cui, Behrad Gholipour

Proceedings Volume 12647, 1264708 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677460

KEYWORDS: Phase shifts, Silicon photonics, Phase shift keying, Modulation, Waveguides, Multilayers, Integrated optics, Engineering, Chalcogenides, Thermography

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Photonic modulators have seen widespread use in optical circuitry, optical processing, and next-generational computing regimes such as neuromorphic computing. Prior research has focused on the incorporation of high-index functional materials on or adjacent to photonic circuit components such as modulators to enhance signal detection, modulation, and generation. The reversible, non-volatile transitions between optically and electrically unique amorphous and crystalline material phases inherent to chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) present a promising material platform for this integration. However, current methods of incorporation combined with lossy material properties lead to integrations having large insertion losses and device footprints. Here we demonstrate that applying metamaterial effective medium theory enables dispersive engineering to drastically reduce insertion losses and footprints in PCM-loaded optical circuitry. Two configurations are explored, a metagrating and a multilayer, in which full-π modulator phase shifts are achieved in compact footprints down to 4.36 and 4.7 𝜇m with low insertion losses at a 1550nm wavelength.

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