A conventional quantum eraser involves physical double slits or virtual paths, such as orbital angular momentum, and has been demonstrated to probe the wave-particle duality of light in the quantum optical regime. Here, we extend the concept of the quantum eraser to holographic applications through a geometric-phase metasurface. In this case, we mark hologram paths with polarization using an entangled photon pair. As a result of a quantum holographic eraser, we demonstrate selective erasure of specific hologram regions with various inserted erasers as a visual manifestation of restoring interference. Our work extends the application of metasurfaces in investigating fundamental concepts, including entanglement, non-locality, and the role of information in quantum optics.
Quantum technologies rely on creating and manipulating entangled sources, which are essential for quantum information, communication, and imaging. By integrating quantum technologies and all-dielectric metasurfaces, the performance of miniature display devices can be enhanced to a higher level. Miniature display technology, such as virtual reality display, has achieved original commercial success, and was initially applied to immersive games and interactive scenes. While the consumer market has quickly adopted this technology, several areas remain for improvement, including concerns around bulkiness, dual-channel display, and noise reduction. Here, we experimentally realize a quantum meta-hologram concept demonstration of a miniature display. We fabricate an ultracompact meta-hologram based on 1 μm thick titanium dioxide (TiO2). The meta-hologram can be remotely switched with heralding technique and is robust against noise with the quantum entangled source. The platform can alter the miniature display channel by manipulating heralding photons’ polarization, removing speckles and multiple reflective light noise, improving imaging contrast, and potentially decreasing device weight. Imaging contrast increases from 0.36 dB under speckle noise influences to 6.8 dB in quantum correlation imaging. This approach has the potential to miniaturize quantum displays and quantum communication devices.
The recently proposed extreme-ultraviolet beams with time-varying orbital angular momentum (OAM) realized by high-harmonic generation provide extraordinary tools for quantum excitation control and particle manipulation. However, such an approach is not easily scalable to other frequency regimes. We design a space-time-coding digital metasurface operating in the microwave regime to experimentally generate time-varying OAM beams. Due to the flexible programmability of the metasurface, a higher-order twist in the envelope wavefront structure of time-varying OAM beams can be further designed as an additional degree of freedom. The time-varying OAM field patterns are dynamically mapped by developing a two-probe measurement technique. Our approach in combining the programmability of space-time-coding digital metasurfaces and the two-probe measurement technique provides a versatile platform for generating and observing time-varying OAM and other spatiotemporal excitations in general. The proposed time-varying OAM beams have application potentials in particle manipulation, time-division multiplexing, and information encryption.
Metasurface has recently become very appealing for wavefront control due to its simplicity in fabrication. Its high resolution in constructing a desired wavefront makes it a potential medium to create holographic images and ultrathin carpet cloaks for both electromagnetic and acoustic waves. In this work, we investigate how the holographic or projection principle can be utilized to achieve illusion effect in order to turn a particular object and source into a target configuration, with a close relationship to external cloaking in the framework of transformation optics. Our framework designs the required metasurface based on interference between the fields of the original and the target configurations. Such a metasurface then cancels the scattered field of the original object and projects the desired field of the target object at the same time. We discuss how an external cloak and a source or object shifter are possible through such a scheme. Possible experiments in both optics and elastic waves will also be discussed.
We demonstrate spin-induced manipulation of surface-plasmon polariton (SPP) by exploiting the plasmonic spin Hall effect. By constructing metasurfaces with plasmonic atoms and varying spin-dependent geometric phase, we establish a holographic interface between an incident plane wave and the SPP on an optical chip. It allows us to gain spin-splitting and flexible control of the shapes and phases of the local SPP orbitals. Furthermore, a linearly polarized incident light with rotating polarization angle can be used to play a motion picture of the orbitals. These investigations provide a feasible route to many applications, including spin-enabled imaging, data storage and integrated optics.
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