KEYWORDS: Velocity measurements, Oscillators, Modulation, Frequency modulation, Fermium, Error analysis, Phase shift keying, Time metrology, Single sideband modulation, S band
In telemetry, tracking, and control (TT&C) systems, noises can impact the frequency stability and therefore cause errors in velocity measurement. Allan variance is used to characterize the frequency stability in the time domain. In the frequency domain, spectral density of phase fluctuation is utilized in theoretical analysis, whereas phase noise is used in practical engineering. Therefore, when calculating the velocity measurement errors caused by phase noise, a conversion between the time domain expression and the frequency domain expression is needed. This work presents the corresponding relationship between the time domain and the frequency domain representation of frequency stability, and then derives a convenient way to estimate the impact of phase noise on velocity measurement errors. At last, with common TT&C equipment being taken as examples, simulations are given to show how phase noise impacts the velocity measurement precision in practical engineering.
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