Mr. Kush R. Varshney Profile

Kush R. Varshney

at Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Joint image formation and anisotropy characterization in wide-angle SAR

Kush Varshney, Müjdat Çetin, John Fisher, Alan Willsky

Proceedings Volume 6237, 62370D (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.663974

KEYWORDS: Anisotropy, Scattering, Synthetic aperture radar, Inverse problems, Image acquisition, Algorithm development, Phase measurement, Matrices, Radar imaging, Image segmentation

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We consider the problem of jointly forming images and characterizing anisotropy from wide-angle synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements. Conventional SAR image formation techniques assume isotropic scattering, which is not valid with wide-angle apertures. We present a method based on a sparse representation of aspect-dependent scattering with an overcomplete basis composed of basis vectors with varying levels of angular persistence. Solved as an inverse problem, the result is a complex-valued, aspect-dependent response for each spatial location in a scene. Our non-parametric approach does not suffer from reduced cross-range resolution inherent in subaperture methods and considers all point scatterers in a scene jointly. The choice of the overcomplete basis set incorporates prior knowledge of aspect-dependent scattering, but the method is flexible enough to admit solutions that may not match a family of parametric functions. We enforce sparsity through regularization based on the ℓ_k-norm, k < 1. This formulation leads to an optimization problem that is solved through a robust quasi-Newton method. We also develop a graph-structured interpretation of the overcomplete basis leading towards approximate algorithms using guided depth-first search with appropriate stopping conditions and search heuristics. We present experimental results on synthetic scenes and the backhoe public release dataset.

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