With OCT, for the first time, the urothelial thickness change induced by water transport was observed in situ under OCT. The percentage of the change is proportional to the osmolarity of the NaCl applied to the urothelium, and different degrees of damage can be observed in histology and SEM. The observation may reveal the etiology of some highly prevalent diseases, such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and overactive bladder (OAB).
The bladder urothelium is usually considered as an impermeable barrier to urine, but recent reports pointed that it was not only a passive impermeable membrane but also has some sensory and signaling functions. While aquaporin expression has been found in the urothelium, which implicits water transportation through the urothelium, it has never been observed directly the process of water transportation through the urothelium. We describe here for first time how water is transported through the urothelium through osmosis.
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