Dr. Linda J. Mullen Profile

Dr. Linda J. Mullen

SSTM

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Editor | Author

Publications (50)

Proceedings Article | 6 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Propagation of Laguerre-Gaussian beams through underwater optical turbulence

Nathaniel Ferlic, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 13061, 130610G (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013120

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Turbulence, Optical turbulence, Gaussian beams, Beam propagation method, Speckle, Spiral phase plates, Beam divergence, Spatial light modulators, Wave propagation

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Proceedings Article | 6 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Initial laboratory and field testing of the modulated underwater laser imaging system

Nicholas Makrakis, David Illig, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 13061, 1306106 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014336

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Underwater imaging, Point clouds, Modulation, Signal attenuation, Prototyping, Laser imaging, Pulse signals, Turbidity, Laser systems engineering, Imaging systems, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 6 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Confocal Bistatic LIDAR in scattering media

Justin Folden, Derek Alley, David Illig, Linda Mullen, Sanjeev Koppal

Proceedings Volume 13061, 1306108 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014721

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Microelectromechanical systems, Mirrors, Receivers, Transmitters, Confocal microscopy, Turbidity, Scattering media, Reflection, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Temporal statistics of synced optical phase and intensity measurements through Rayleigh Bénard turbulence

Nathaniel Ferlic, Svetlana Avramov-Zamurovic, Owen O'Malley, Linda Mullen, K. Peter Judd

Proceedings Volume 12691, 126910M (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2675760

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Wavefront sensors, Water, Statistical analysis, Scintillation, Convection, Time-frequency analysis, Phase measurement

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Range-Doppler processing of the underwater radar-encoded laser system

David Illig, Nicholas Makrakis, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 12543, 1254307 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663398

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Backscatter, Signal attenuation, Pulse signals, Matrices, Pulsed laser operation, Laser systems engineering, Turbidity, Object detection, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Radio frequency intensity modulation verses heterodyne modulation on laser beams traversing a random optical phase distortion

Nathaniel Ferlic, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 12543, 1254302 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2662839

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Turbulence, Distortion, Heterodyning, Signal detection, Spiral phase plates, Modulation frequency

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Range-Doppler technique applied to underwater pulsed laser system

David Illig, Nicholas Makrakis, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 12118, 1211808 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618013

KEYWORDS: Backscatter, LIDAR, Signal attenuation, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Scattering, Laser systems engineering, Receivers, Laser scattering

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Optical heterodyne detection of orthogonal orbital angular momentum modes for sensing through turbid media

Nathaniel Ferlic, Alan Laux, Brandon Cochenour, Linda Mullen, Miranda Van Iersel, Christopher Davis

Proceedings Volume 12118, 121180C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2619304

KEYWORDS: Particles, Distortion, Heterodyning, Scattering, Signal attenuation, Ocean optics, Environmental sensing, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Parallel line lidar with frequency domain filtering

Austin Jantzi, William Jemison, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 12118, 1211809 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618483

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Backscatter, Cameras, Spatial frequencies, Ranging, Signal attenuation, Scattering, Light scattering, Laser scattering, Image filtering

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Determining the spatial phase distribution of light scattered by turbid water

Austin Jantzi, William Jemison, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 11752, 117520L (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2587734

KEYWORDS: Light scattering, Spiral phase plates, LIDAR, Imaging systems, Axicons, Underwater imaging, Spatial filters, Scattering, Ranging, Optical signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Pattern classification for enhanced detection using the underwater radar-encoded laser system

David Illig, Nicholas Makrakis, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 11752, 117520F (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2585522

KEYWORDS: Laser systems engineering, Image classification, Classification systems, Signal to noise ratio, Machine learning, Laser scattering, Imaging systems, Absorption, Visualization, Underwater imaging

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2020 Presentation + Paper

Measurement of the orbital angular momentum spectrum of light through turbid water using modal decomposition

Nathaniel Ferlic, Alan Laux, Miranda van Iersel, Christopher Davis, Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour

Proceedings Volume 11506, 1150609 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568202

KEYWORDS: Signal attenuation, Scattering, Laser scattering, Spatial light modulators, Receivers, Phase measurement, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 22 April 2020 Presentation + Paper

Axicons for improved lidar performance

Austin Jantzi, William Jemison, David Illig, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 11420, 114200A (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558690

KEYWORDS: Light scattering, Axicons, Spatial coherence, Backscatter, Spatial filters, LIDAR, Optical filters, Signal attenuation, Receivers, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 22 April 2020 Presentation + Paper

Volume scattering of particles by beams carrying orbital angular momentum

Nathaniel Ferlic, Austin Jantzi, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour

Proceedings Volume 11420, 114200H (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2552031

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Particles, Laser scattering, Light scattering, Mie scattering, Spiral phase plates, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 22 April 2020 Presentation + Paper

NIX USV platform for precision track and trail of UUV platforms

Jaime Lara Martinez, Anthony Brescia, Linda Mullen, Anthony Mulligan, Derek Alley, Robert Lautrup, Drey Platt

Proceedings Volume 11420, 114200O (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2565482

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SPIE Journal Paper | 29 October 2018

Image processing inspired technique for enhancing performance of the underwater modulated pulse laser system

David Illig, Robert Lee, Linda Mullen

OE, Vol. 57, Issue 10, 107104, (October 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.57.10.107104

KEYWORDS: Image processing, Signal attenuation, Ranging, Backscatter, Scattering, Modulation, Image enhancement, Detection and tracking algorithms, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2018 Paper

An optical vortex transmissometer

Amanda Alley, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour

Proceedings Volume 10631, 106310R (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2305500

KEYWORDS: Spiral phase plates, Optical vortices, Light scattering, Signal attenuation, Scattering, Laser scattering, CCD cameras, Receivers, Optical testing, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2018 Paper

Image processing technique for an underwater modulated pulse laser imaging system

David Illig, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 10631, 106310O (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309569

KEYWORDS: Image processing, Sensors, Backscatter, Line scan image sensors, Detection and tracking algorithms, Modulation, Scattering, 3D image processing, Laser scattering, LIDAR

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 2017 Paper

Adaptive underwater channel estimation for hybrid lidar/radar

Robert Lee, David Illig, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 10186, 101860F (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2264625

KEYWORDS: Electronic filtering, Channel projecting optics, Ranging, Adaptive optics, LIDAR, Modulation, Signal attenuation, Optical filters, Digital filtering, Laser systems engineering, Laser development, Backscatter, Receivers, Laser scattering

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

The detection of objects in a turbid underwater medium using orbital angular momentum (OAM)

Brandon Cochenour, Lila Rodgers, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen, Kaitlyn Morgan, Jerome Miller, Eric Johnson

Proceedings Volume 10186, 1018603 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2264626

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Backscatter, Light scattering, Laser scattering, Ocean optics, Environmental sensing, Spiral phase plates, Optical vortices, Charge-coupled devices, Signal attenuation, Target detection, Receivers, LIDAR

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Optimizing the performance of modulated pulse laser systems for imaging and ranging applications

L. Mullen, R. Lee, D. Illig

Proceedings Volume 10186, 101860E (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2264619

KEYWORDS: Ranging, Imaging systems, Modulation, Laser systems engineering, Pulsed laser operation, Laser applications, Underwater imaging, Image resolution, Laser imaging, Laser beam propagation, Scattering, Signal attenuation, Electronic filtering, Image filtering

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 2017 Paper

Statistical signal processing technique to reduce effects of forward scatter on underwater modulated pulse lidar

David Illig, Robert Lee, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 10186, 101860D (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2264381

KEYWORDS: Principal component analysis, Backscatter, Signal to noise ratio, LIDAR, Modulation, Scattering, Statistical signal processing, Ranging, Absorption, Signal processing, Sensors, Environmental sensing, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Independent component analysis for underwater lidar clutter rejection

David Illig, William Jemison, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9827, 98270J (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2222817

KEYWORDS: Independent component analysis, Backscatter, LIDAR, Scattering, Ranging, Sensors, Signal attenuation, Signal to noise ratio, Modulation, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Remotely operated compact underwater temporally encoded imager: CUTEI

Derek Alley, Brandon Cochenour, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9827, 982708 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229773

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Receivers, Optical imaging, Microelectromechanical systems, Driver's vision enhancers, Sensors, Fiber optic illuminators, Modulation, Light scattering, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2016 Paper

Wide bandwidth optical signals for high range resolution measurements in water

Justin Nash, Robert Lee, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9827, 98270A (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229610

KEYWORDS: Image resolution, Modulation, Scattering, Image resolution, Detection and tracking algorithms, Radar, Light scattering, Laser imaging, Signal attenuation, Receivers, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2016 Paper

Theoretical and experimental study of sub-Nyquist FMCW LIDAR systems

Robert Lee, Piya Pal, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9857, 985702 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223231

KEYWORDS: Laser systems engineering, Signal to noise ratio, Chemical species, Sensing systems, LIDAR, Ranging, Analog electronics, Modulation, Computer simulations, Detection and tracking algorithms

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Proceedings Article | 19 May 2015 Paper

FMCW optical ranging technique in turbid waters

David Illig, Alan Laux, Robert Lee, William Jemison, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9459, 94590B (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177051

KEYWORDS: Backscatter, Modulation, Ranging, Signal attenuation, Ocean optics, Signal detection, Scattering, Digital signal processing, Receivers, Signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 19 May 2015 Paper

Pulse compression techniques to improve modulated pulsed laser line scan systems

Robert Lee, Justin Nash, Brandon Cochenour, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9459, 94590C (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179824

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Signal attenuation, Data modeling, Receivers, Light scattering, Laser systems engineering, Imaging systems, Laser imaging, Scattering, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 5 June 2014 Paper

Waveform design considerations for modulated pulse lidar

Shawn O'Connor, Robert Lee, Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour

Proceedings Volume 9111, 91110P (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050395

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Signal attenuation, Analog electronics, Receivers, Phase shift keying, Backscatter, Signal processing, Digital filtering, Linear filtering, Radar

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2014 Paper

Multistatic optical imaging system

Derek Alley, Brandon Cochenour, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9111, 91110L (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051711

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Light scattering, Imaging systems, Modulation, Transmitters, Laser imaging, Laser systems engineering, Scattering, Fiber optic illuminators, Laser scattering

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2014 Paper

Optical ranging techniques in turbid waters

David Illig, William Jemison, Robert Lee, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 9111, 91110R (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2048893

KEYWORDS: Backscatter, Modulation, Signal attenuation, Ranging, Receivers, Frequency modulation, Signal detection, Phase shift keying, Absorption, Sensors

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SPIE Journal Paper | 3 January 2014

Underwater modulated pulse laser imaging system

Shawn O'Connor, Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour

OE, Vol. 53, Issue 05, 051403, (January 2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.53.5.051403

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Receivers, Imaging systems, Signal attenuation, Laser imaging, Laser systems engineering, Pulsed laser operation, Transmitters, Laser scattering, Signal to noise ratio

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SPIE Journal Paper | 16 December 2013

Suppression of forward-scattered light using high-frequency intensity modulation

Brandon Cochenour, Shawn O'Connor, Linda Mullen

OE, Vol. 53, Issue 05, 051406, (December 2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.53.5.051406

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Scattering, Light scattering, Laser scattering, Modulation transfer functions, Signal attenuation, Receivers, Backscatter, Spatial resolution, Frequency modulation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 5 December 2013

Hybrid technique for enhanced optical ranging in turbid water environments

Robert Lee, Alan Laux, Linda Mullen

OE, Vol. 53, Issue 05, 051404, (December 2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.53.5.051404

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Data modeling, Ranging, Spatial filters, Backscatter, Receivers, Phase shift keying, Electronic filtering, Optical filters, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 3 June 2013 Paper

State-of-the-art tools for next-generation underwater optical imaging systems

Linda Mullen, Shawn O'Connor, Brandon Cochenour, Fraser Dalgleish

Proceedings Volume 8724, 872402 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2018489

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Receivers, Signal attenuation, Imaging systems, Transmitters, Image enhancement, Backscatter, Optical imaging, Signal processing, Radar

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2012 Paper

Compact optical system for imaging underwater and through the air/sea interface

Derek Alley, Linda Mullen, Alan Laux

Proceedings Volume 8372, 837203 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.918623

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Interfaces, Fiber optic illuminators, Light scattering, Signal to noise ratio, Imaging systems, Modulation, Water, Optical imaging, Underwater imaging

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2012 Paper

Scattered photons as useable signal for underwater imaging

Walton McBride, Alan Weidemann, Linda Mullen, Alan Laux, Derek Alley

Proceedings Volume 8372, 837204 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.920469

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Photons, Signal attenuation, Laser scattering, Scattering, Imaging systems, Chromium, Laser sources, Underwater imaging, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2012 Paper

Underwater laser range finder

Alan Laux, Linda Mullen, Paul Perez, Eleonora Zege

Proceedings Volume 8372, 83721B (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.919280

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Data modeling, Receivers, Phase shifts, Phase measurement, Phase shift keying, Backscatter, Scattering, Light scattering, Semiconductor lasers

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2012 Paper

A modulated pulse laser for underwater detection, ranging, imaging, and communications

Brandon Cochenour, Linda Mullen, John Muth

Proceedings Volume 8372, 83720S (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.918711

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Backscatter, Pulsed laser operation, Ranging, Target detection, Receivers, MATLAB, Environmental sensing, Laser scattering, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2011 Paper

Optical modulation techniques for underwater detection, ranging and imaging

Linda Mullen, Brandon Cochenour, Alan Laux, Derek Alley

Proceedings Volume 8030, 803008 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.883493

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Receivers, Signal attenuation, Light scattering, Sensors, Backscatter, Imaging systems, Ranging, Environmental sensing, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2009 Paper

Optical propagation in the underwater environment

Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 7324, 732409 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820205

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Light scattering, Laser scattering, Signal attenuation, Modulation, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Water, Absorption, Atmospheric particles

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2009 Paper

Underwater optical communications with a modulating retro-reflector

Brandon Cochenour, Linda Mullen, William Rabinovich, Rita Mahon

Proceedings Volume 7317, 73170G (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818639

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Retroreflectors, Receivers, Signal attenuation, Backscatter, Scattering, Light scattering, Modulation, Optical communications, Polarizers

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2009 Paper

Time-dependent underwater optical propagation measurements using modulated light fields

Linda Mullen, Alan Laux, Brandon Cochenour

Proceedings Volume 7317, 73170D (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818588

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Signal detection, Signal attenuation, Light scattering, Receivers, Polarization, Mode locking, Optical communications, Imaging systems, Telecommunications

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2006 Paper

FAMIS (frequency agile modulated imaging system) sensor for imaging in turbid water

Linda Mullen, Alan Laux, Brandon Cochenour, Eleonora Zege

Proceedings Volume 6204, 62040E (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.663779

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Backscatter, Imaging systems, Receivers, Signal detection, Phase shift keying, Sensors, 3D acquisition, 3D image processing

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Proceedings Article | 14 January 2002 Paper

Ocean water clarity measurement using shipboard lidar systems

David Allocca, Mark London, Thomas Curran, Brian Concannon, V. Michael Contarino, Jennifer Prentice, Linda Mullen, Timothy Kane

Proceedings Volume 4488, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.452807

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Signal attenuation, Receivers, Water, Optical properties, Ocean optics, Absorption, Scattering, Laser scattering, Backscatter

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Proceedings Article | 14 January 2002 Paper

Modulated lidar system: experiment versus theory

Linda Mullen, Eleonora Zege, Iosif Katsev, Alexander Prikhach

Proceedings Volume 4488, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.452829

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Scattering, Light scattering, Backscatter, LIDAR, Receivers, Beam propagation method, Laser scattering, Radon, Radiative transfer

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Proceedings Article | 28 October 1999 Paper

Joint US-UK polarized lidar trial

David Allocca, V. Michael Contarino, Linda Mullen, Geoff Ludbrook, Timothy Holloway

Proceedings Volume 3761, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366480

KEYWORDS: Signal attenuation, LIDAR, Receivers, Water, Polarization, Optical properties, Backscatter, Absorption, Scattering, Ocean optics

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Proceedings Article | 28 October 1999 Paper

Modulated laser line scanner for enhanced underwater imaging

Linda Mullen, V. Michael Contarino, Alan Laux, Brian Concannon, Jon Davis, Michael Strand, Bryan Coles

Proceedings Volume 3761, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366470

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Receivers, Light scattering, Signal attenuation, Backscatter, Sensors, Scattering, Signal detection, Ocean optics, Transmitters

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Proceedings Article | 28 October 1999 Paper

Characterization of signal-induced artifacts in photomultiplier tubes for underwater lidar applications

Brian Concannon, V. Michael Contarino, David Allocca, Linda Mullen

Proceedings Volume 3761, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366478

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Electrons, Electromagnetic coupling, Reflection, Interference (communication), Resistance, Photomultipliers, Receivers, Laser scanners, 3D scanning

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Proceedings Article | 6 February 1997 Paper

Modulated pulse lidar for enhanced underwater detection

Linda Mullen, V. Michael Contarino

Proceedings Volume 2963, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.266392

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Modulation, Backscatter, Microwave radiation, Ocean optics, Target detection, Radar, Submerged target detection, Receivers, Signal detection

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