In this paper, conducting polymer and ionic liquid cellulose electroactive paper composites (CPILEAPap
is prepared and characterized. The CPIL_EAPap was prepared by dispersing ionic liquid in
regenerated cellulose solution. The film obtained from the solution is then coated with polypyrrole
electrodes. Electromechanical performance was assessed by measuring the bending displacement of
the composite film. The bending displacement of the actuator was compared at different humidity
conditions. In addition, morphological and structural studies were undertaken using FTIR and SEM
analysis. Preliminary results show good displacement of the bender actuator which decreases with
increasing % relative humidity. Additional work is being undertaken to further quantify and
characterize the structural features that are important for actuation and humidification.
This paper investigates various experimental techniques of improving the optical properties as well as the electro-active characteristics of polyurethane polymer films for smart lens applications. Two experimental methods are used for preparing the films, the first consists of molding the polymer under various pressure and temperature conditions while the second is based on producing films of various thicknesses by the solvent casting method using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as solvent followed by a 100°C annealing in vacuum for 30min. Testing samples of 50 mm diameter are rigidly attached to circular frames and tested under applied field in the range of 30-80 kV/mm. The first method produces thicker and stiffer films with deformation response in the order of 0.8 mm; however, they are translucent. The second method results in thinner films with lower flexibility and reasonable electro-active response in the order of 0.3 mm. The transparency of the latter samples is excellent and closes the gap to produce a smart lens.
In this paper a model is postulated to describe the optical response of an electroactive polymer hydrogel due to applied electrical fields. This model consists of a series of several modules: an electrical module that identifies the relationship between the applied voltage/current, electrode location and material and applied electrical field; a chemical module that correlates the percentage monomer in the gel, percentage cross linker, solvent ionic strength and pH; a mechanical module that employs the output of the chemical module to calculate deformation, taking into consideration experimentally measured elastic and viscoelastic characteristics; an optical module that will incorporate results from the previous modules to yield important optical characteristics (such as focal length and refractive index). It is anticipated that ultimately this model will set the required voltage to produce particular optical characteristics. Using an elastic modulus of 2160 Pa, a Poisson's ratio of 0.33 and experimentally measured gel response force of 0.1 N has resulted in a mechanical module which fully describes the gel motion. This result is promising; however, the mechanical module is currently using elastic properties, whereas viscoelastic properties are ideally needed.
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