Aceh had been the focus of an unprecedented international rehabilitation effort in response to the extreme SumatraAndaman earthquake and tsunami disaster on December 24, 2004. During this period, most researchers have contributed to better understanding what happened in the past, and what going to happen in the future. This paper is related to the environmental impact assessment of post-disaster recovery and reconstructions in Banda Aceh city of Indonesia. The indicators are based on the use of the moderate spatial resolution optical satellite sensor by assessing the impacts of land use and land cover change (LULC) on land surface temperature (LST). LULC classification and LST were derived and estimated utilizing visible and thermal infrared data of the Landsat-5 TM + Landsat 8 OLI within the period 2000 and 2015. The surface temperature-vegetation index space of LULC was established to investigate the impacts of land changes over LST sensitivity. The result demonstrated that the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction has had a significant impact to the LULC in Banda Aceh and its fringes. Dramatic LULC in Banda Aceh significantly increases the LST, the temporal trend of pixels space migrated from the dense vegetation-low temperature condition to the less dense vegetation-high temperature condition.
It has been already made, calibrated and tested a geometry normalized electromagnetic system (GNES) for metal defect examination. The GNES has an automatic data acquisition system which supporting the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement. The data will be displayed on the computer monitor as a graphic display then saved automatically in the Microsoft Excel format. The transmitter will transmit the frequency pair (FP) signals i.e. 112.5 Hz and 337.5 Hz; 112.5 Hz and 1012.5 Hz; 112.5 Hz and 3037.5 Hz; 337.5 Hz and 1012.5 Hz; 337.5 Hz and 3037.5 Hz. Simultaneous transmissions of two electromagnetic waves without distortions by the transmitter will induce an eddy current in the metal. This current, in turn, will produce secondary electromagnetic fields which are measured by the receiver together with the primary fields. Measurement of percent change of a vertical component of the fields will give the percent response caused by the metal or the defect. The response examinations were performed by the models with various type of defect for the master curves. The materials of samples as a plate were using Aluminum, Brass, and Copper. The more of the defects is the more reduction of the eddy current response. The defect contrasts were tended to decrease when the more depth of the defect position. The magnitude and phase of the eddy currents will affect the loading on the coil thus its impedance. The defect must interrupt the surface eddy current flow to be detected. Defect lying parallel to the current path will not cause any significant interruption and may not be detected. The main factors which affect the eddy current response are metal conductivity, permeability, frequency, and geometry.
Shoreline mapping and shoreline change detection are critical in many coastal zone applications.
This study focuses on applying remote sensing technology to identify and assess coastal changes in
the Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Major changes to land cover were found along the coastal line. Using
remote sensing data to detect coastal line change requires high spatial resolution data. In this study,
two high spatial data with 30 meter resolution of Landsat TM images captured before and after the
Tsunami event were acquired for this purpose. The two satellite images was overlain and compared
with pre-Tsunami imagery and with after Tsunami. The two Landsat TM images also were used to
generate land cover classification maps for the 24 December 2004 and 27 March 2005, before and
after the Tsunami event respectively. The standard supervised classifier was performed to the
satellite images such as the Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance-to-mean and Parallelepiped.
High overall accuracy (>80%) and Kappa coefficient (>0.80) was achieved by the Maximum
Likelihood classifier in this study. Estimation of the damage areas between the two dated was
estimated from the different between the two classified land cover maps. Visible damage could be
seen in either before and after image pair. The visible damage land areas were determined and draw
out using the polygon tool included in the PCI Geomatica image processing software. The final set
of polygons containing the major changes in the coastal line. An overview of the coastal line changes
using Landsat TM images is also presented in this study. This study provided useful information that
helps local decision makers make better plan and land management choices.
Remote sensing offers an important means of detecting and analyzing temporal
changes occurring in our landscape. This research used remote sensing to quantify land use/land
cover changes at the Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (Nad) province, Indonesia on a regional scale.
The objective of this paper is to assess the changed produced from the analysis of Landsat TM
data. A Landsat TM image was used to develop land cover classification map for the 27 March
2005. Four supervised classifications techniques (Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance-to-
Mean, Parallelepiped and Parallelepiped with Maximum Likelihood Classifier Tiebreaker
classifier) were performed to the satellite image. Training sites and accuracy assessment were
needed for supervised classification techniques. The training sites were established using
polygons based on the colour image. High detection accuracy (>80%) and overall Kappa (>0.80)
were achieved by the Parallelepiped with Maximum Likelihood Classifier Tiebreaker classifier
in this study. This preliminary study has produced a promising result. This indicates that land
cover mapping can be carried out using remote sensing classification method of the satellite
digital imagery.
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