In this study, a relationship between polarization differences of soil emissivity at different incidence angles was
constructed from a large quantity of simulated soil emissivity based on the Advanced Integrated Emission Model (AIEM)
input parameters include: a frequency of 1.4 GHz (L-band), incident angles varying from 1°to 60° at a 1° interval, a wide
range of soil moisture content and land surface roughness parameters. Then, we used this relationship and the ω-τ
zero-order radiation transfer model to develop an inversion method of low vegetation optical depth at L-band, this work
were under the assumption that there was no significant polarization difference between the vegetation signals. Based on
this inversion method of low vegetation optical depth, we used the land surface passive microwave brightness
temperature of Heihe Watershed obtained by airborne Polarimetric L-band Multibeam Radiometer (PLMR) in 2012
Heihe Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research (HiWATER) to retrieve the corn optical depth in the flight
areas, then the results were compared with the measured corn LAI. Results show that the retrieved corn optical depths
were consisted with the measured LAI of corn. It proved that the corn optical depth inversion method proposed in this
study was feasible. Moreover, the method was promising to apply to the satellite observations.
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