NIR-spectroscopy and Photoplethysmography (PPG) is used for a measurement of blood components. The absorptioncoefficient
of blood differs at different wavelengths. This fact is used to calculate the optical absorbability characteristics
of blood which is yielding information about blood components like hemoglobin (Hb), carboxyhemoglobin (CoHb) and
arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). The measured PPG time signals and the ratio between the peak to peak pulse
amplitudes are used for a measurement of these parameters. Hemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells. The
primary function of Hb is the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissue and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The
Hb concentration in human blood is an important parameter in evaluating the physiological status of an individual and an
essential parameter in every blood count. Currently, invasive methods are used to measure the Hb concentration,
whereby blood is taken from the patient and subsequently analyzed. Apart from the discomfort of drawing blood
samples, an added disadvantage of this method is the delay between the blood collection and its analysis, which does not
allow real time patient monitoring in critical situations. A noninvasive method allows pain free continuous on-line
patient monitoring with minimum risk of infection and facilitates real time data monitoring allowing immediate clinical
reaction to the measured data.
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