To evaluate the clinical utility of Visible and near infrared optical coherence tomography (vnOCT) for glaucoma early detection, A total of 55 eyes from three groups of subjects (normal subjects, glaucoma suspects, glaucoma patients) were scanned by a custom-designed vnOCT device and Zeiss Spectralis OCT. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer reflectivity in visible light OCT and the ratio between visible and NIR channel is more sensitive in separating suspect eyes from normal ones than clinical OCT thickness measurements. It could be a useful metric in early detection of glaucoma upon further longitudinally validation.
The retina, as part of the central nervous system, has distinct anatomical and structural properties for its visual function. Light scattering spectroscopy, while widely used for tissue structural characterization and disease diagnosis, has been relatively unexplored in the living retina. Recently, we have developed a fiber-based visible and near-infrared optical coherence tomography system (vnOCT) for in vivo retinal imaging, to uniquely measure a spectroscopic marker (VN ratio) sensitive to nanoscale pathological changes. In the present study, we applied vnOCT in an animal model of glaucoma (dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension mouse) and tested the capabilities of four optical markers, VN ratio, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, total retinal blood flow, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2), for the detection of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage in association with ocular hypertension. We found that RNFL-RGC VN ratio and arteriovenous (A-V) sO2 are capable of detecting early retinal alteration in ocular hypertensive eyes, preceding measurable change of RNFL thickness. This study suggests a potential clinical application of vnOCT in early detection of glaucoma.
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