We fabricated an opto-mechano-fluidic microbubble resonator (MBR) consisting of a dielectric silica shell and liquid metal core. Benefiting from the conductivity of the liquid metal GaInSn, Ohmic heating was carried out for the MBR by applying current to the liquid metal to change the temperature of the MBR. Optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) and the optomechanical surface wave mode were tuned mainly because the Ohmic heating changed the refractive index and the Young's modulus of the silica, respectively. The optomechanical radial breathing mode was tuned mainly because the Ohmic heating changed the velocity and density of the liquid metal GaInSn. In our experiment, the WGM mode was tuned approximately 1.22 nm. The optomechanical surface wave mode and radial breathing mode were tuned approximately 0.30 MHz and 0.23 MHz, respectively.
Biomaterial, such as proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which have many advantages such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, have been widely adopted as photonic device materials. In this study, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an all-biomaterial whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microbottle resonator. The quality factor of the fabricated protein microbottle resonator is on the order of 105. In addition, the entire process for preparing microbottle is simple and low-cost. Our work will open a door to explore various biomaterial and different bio-photonic device for biomedical applications.
Adenosine plays important roles in the pain signal transduction by activating adenosine receptors of two subtypes of A1 and A2A. In this study, FRET system based independent emission -spectral spectral spectral unmixing method (Iem-spFRET) was set up and used to measure the energy transfer from A1R to A2AR. The energy transfer efficiency calculated by Iem-spFRET is about 17.44%. All the above date and results demonstrate that FRET with special designed fluorescence proteins could be used to investigate the interaction between adenosine receptors.
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