In high volume manufacturing of optoelectronic devices in an industrial setting, automation is the key to success. The devices need to be fundamentally designed with automated manufacturing in mind, otherwise they will not render themselves to automated packaging processes. In addition, it is desirable that the manufacturing machines used to process and assemble the parts to be fully automated turnkey systems that can function with minimal operator interaction. However, other key elements that bring the machine and the product together are the toolings and the fixtures used to hold, manipulate and shape the products. This paper reviews the various issues and design considerations associated with machine tooling as applicable to high volume optoelectronic device production. Recent innovations in this field are discussed. In addition we present and analyze some examples of state-of-the-art machine toolings used in automated photonics assembly lines as well as automated test and measurement device platforms.
Pulsed laser welding has proven to be the preferred bonding method that best facilitates the automated fiber alignment and bonding process of optoelectronic devices. However, a combination of considerations regarding (1) the high capital investment for a laser welding workstation (LWWS), (2) acquiring and developing the packaging technology for laser welding, and (3) the undeveloped demand in the market place have caused hesitation by many manufacturers in adopting the process. Typically, the majority of packages manufactured with laser welding have been higher-end priced devices. Further understanding and improvement of technical challenges, such as 'post-weld-shift' control, material selection, and package design, along with development of a cost-effective semi-automated LWWS are presenting a greater opportunity for a broader range of packages to be designed for laser welding, especially for low-cost singlemode datacom packages. The focus of the current work is to design a broad range of OE packages and develop a nanometer precision automation process for laser welding technology. The solution is recognized to be the combination of understanding the laser welding process, designing packages for laser welding, and developing an automation capability for manufacturing.
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